Changes in Bone Health During the First Year of Cancer Treatment in Children

Low bone mineral density in children and adolescents with cancer

“…28) Pediatric patients with solid tumors (osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, neuroblastoma) who underwent autologous HSCT showed a significant decrease in whole-body BMD z-score. 29) Multiple factors are involved in the pathogenesis of bone loss following HSCT, including impairment of gonadal and pituitary hormone secretion by high-dose chemotherapy, immobilization, poor oral intake, vitamin D deficiency, and use of calcineurin inhibitors and corticosteroids for graft-versus-host disease. 26) High-dose chemotherapy for HSCT shows dose-dependent toxicity on bone marrow stromal osteoprogenitors.…”

“…BMD decreased during the first 6 months in patients with leukemia or lymphoma and during the latter 6 months of therapy for those with solid tumors. 29) Thus, the prevalence of low BMD depends on subject risk factors and assessment timing of BMD. Nevertheless, decreased BMD is a common finding in survivors of leukemia, lymphoma, brain tumors, solid tumors, and those who undergo HSCT (Table 1).…”

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“…No mundo, aproximadamente uma em cada 600 crianças, é acometida por algum tipo de (Choi, Chang, Lee, & Yang, 2016). Estes ainda podem prejudicar a ingestão alimentar, causando náuseas e vômitos (Klanjsek & Pajnkihar, 2016).…”

Apresentação

“…No mundo, aproximadamente uma em cada 600 crianças, é acometida por algum tipo de Existem diferentes tipos de tratamento anticâncer (Cigogna, Nascimento, & Lima, 2010; Centro de Combate ao Câncer [CCCancer], 2015). Por ser um tratamento invasivo, este causa efeitos colaterais que provocam mudanças físicas no paciente, entre as quais uma diminuição significativa na densidade mineral óssea (Choi, Chang, Lee, & Yang, 2016). Estes ainda podem prejudicar a ingestão alimentar, causando náuseas e vômitos (Klanjsek & Pajnkihar, 2016).…”