Changes in biochemical contents of expressed breast milk on refrigerator storage

Ghoshal, Bhaswati; Lahiri, Subhrajit; Kar, Kaushik; Sarkar, Nirmalya

doi:10.1007/s13312-012-0189-z

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Freshly expressed breast milk can be stored safely at refrigerator temperature (4°C) for up to 4 days without changing its integrity, such as pH, albumin, total protein, lactose, and lipid content. 81,86 Bertino et al found that lipid composition and lipase activity remained stable up to 4 days in the refrigerator. 87 Immunological factors in colostrum, such as IgA, cytokines, and growth factors are not diminished by refrigeration for 48 hours.…”

Section: Composition Of Expressed Fresh Human Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Composition of Expressed Fresh Human Milk

Pham

Patel

Baban

et al. 2020

Breastfeeding Medicine

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Breast milk is considered the ideal and preferred feeding for all infants through the first 4-6 months of life. It provides many short and long-term benefits to the infant and mother. In the absence of breastfeeding, expressed breast milk is the best way to provide nutrition. In the United States, the majority of breastfeeding mothers express milk at some point during the course of lactation. Breast milk is a dynamic fluid and its content changes with duration of lactation and varies between and among women. Many factors such as maternal diet and medications affect the constituents of breast milk. In addition, method of breast milk expression, handling, and storage can also influence its contents.

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Section: Composition Of Expressed Fresh Human Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Composition of Expressed Fresh Human Milk

Pham

Patel

Baban

et al. 2020

Breastfeeding Medicine

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“…Thus, in the current study these 2 processes cannot be implicated (Ghoshal et al, 2012;Penn et al, 2014;Ahrabi et al, 2016;Baro et al, 2011); therefore, the change in milk pH likely due to other factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 59%

“…In unpasteurized milk, the lipases remain active when refrigerated or frozen (Penn et al, 2014). Previous studies have shown that if unpasteurized human milk is kept refrigerated, acidification of the milk will occur because of 2 factors: lipolysis by the lipases (and thus the release of fatty acids into the medium) and the production of lactic acid by lactosefermenting bacteria (Rona et al, 2008;Slutzah et al, 2010;Ghoshal et al, 2012;Ahrabi et al, 2016). However, when milk is pasteurized, lipases are destroyed and the bacteria present in the milk are eliminated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short communication: Effect of refrigerated storage on the pH and bacterial content of pasteurized human donor milk

Vázquez-Román

Escuder-Vieco

Martín-Pelegrina

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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Once pasteurized donor milk is thawed for its administration to a preterm or sick neonate, and until it is administered, it is kept refrigerated at 4 to 6°C for 24 h. After this time, unconsumed milk is discarded. This time has not been extended, primarily because of the concern of bacterial contamination. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in pH and bacterial count when pasteurized donor milk was kept under refrigeration for a prolonged period (14 d). In this prospective study, 30 samples of pasteurized donor milk from 18 donors were analyzed. Milk was handled following the regular operating protocols established in the neonatal unit and was kept refrigerated after thawing. pH measurements and bacteriology (on blood agar and MacConkey agar plates) were performed on each sample at time 0 (immediately after thawing) and then every day for 14 d. Changes in pH of samples over time were evaluated with linear mixed-effects regression models. A slow but gradual increase in milk pH was observed starting from the first day [mean (±SD) pH of 7.30 (±0.18) at time 0 and 7.69 (±0.2) on d 14]. No bacterial growth was observed in any of the samples throughout the complete trial except in one sample, in which Bacillus flexus was isolated. In conclusion, pasteurized human donor milk maintains its microbiological quality when properly handled and refrigerated (4-6°C). The slight and continuous increase in milk pH after the first day could be due to changes in the solubility of calcium and phosphate during refrigerated storage.

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“…The bacteriological contamination of stored human milk and fresh milk has shown varied results in studies conducted under different conditions leading to differences in recommendations made by different institutes [ 6 – 10 ]. Studies have also examined the biochemical properties of stored milk [ 11 , 12 ]. As there is currently no gold standard in best practice for expressing, storing and transporting human milk from home to hospital specifically for sick and preterm infants, we set out to review recommendations from a number of sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of guidelines on expression, storage and transport of breast milk for infants in hospital, to guide formulation of such recommendations in Sri Lanka

2018

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BackgroundSick newborns in neonatal units who are unable to breastfeed are fed expressed breast milk. In Sri Lanka, most mothers stay in hospital throughout baby’s stay to provide this milk freshly. In other countries mothers go home, express breast milk at home and bring it to hospital. There are concerns about the safety of transported expressed milk if used in a tropical middle-income country. The aim of this paper is to compare and contrast advice offered by different hospitals and organizations on how to express, store and transport breast milk safely.MethodsWe assessed guidelines used by hospital staff of the four Level 3 neonatal units in Melbourne, Australia, National Health Service UK, guidelines and training manuals of the Human Milk Banking Association of North America, the World Health Organization and an information leaflet from Family Health Bureau, Sri Lanka. Information on breast milk expression, storage and transport provided by the guidelines were tabulated under seven topics: general information; container for milk collection; hand expression; using a pump for expression; storage; thawing / warming; and transport of expressed breast milk. The AGREE II tool was used to assess the guidelines written for hospital staff.ResultsThere was considerable agreement on most recommendations provided by these sources, but no single source covered all topics in full. Most recommend hand expression as the initial method for expressing of breast milk, followed by breast pump use, except the Sri Lankan recommendations which strongly discourages the use of breast pumps. Durations of storage under various conditions are generally similar in the different recommendations. Most guidelines recommend a ‘cool box’ or container with ice or freezer packs for transportation of milk.ConclusionA single document containing recommendations on all aspects of expressing, storing and transporting breast milk should be available for each unit, with the same basic information for mothers and the healthcare staff and further technical details for staff if required. The Sri Lankan recommendations need to be updated based on current worldwide practices and further studies are needed to establish a safe method of transport of expressed breast milk in Sri Lanka.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12887-018-1244-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Changes in biochemical contents of expressed breast milk on refrigerator storage

Abstract: To determine the biochemical integrity of refrigerated breast milk for 96 hours at 4C, a longitudinal observational study done with fresh milk samples. It is found that there were significant changes in pH, serum albumin and lactose concentrations in breast milk though within normal range.

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Factors Affecting the Composition of Expressed Fresh Human Milk

Factors Affecting the Composition of Expressed Fresh Human Milk

Short communication: Effect of refrigerated storage on the pH and bacterial content of pasteurized human donor milk

Review of guidelines on expression, storage and transport of breast milk for infants in hospital, to guide formulation of such recommendations in Sri Lanka

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