Changes in atmospheric composition during the 2014 APEC conference in Beijing

Wang, Zhanshan; Chen, Tian; Liu, Baoxian; Zhang, Dawei; Sun, Feng; Wei, Qiang; Jiang, Lei; Pan, Libo

doi:10.1002/2015jd023652

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The percentage of decrease of O3 ranged from 15.93 to 55.61%, which was the largest of the six air pollutants. The percentage of decrease of SO2 ranged from 3.36 to 31.89%, which was lower than that observed in Beijing during the APEC period [9]. Most of the coal-burning factories were shut down during the period of the emission reduction in Nanjing.…”

Section: Spatial Variation Of the Aqi And Air Pollutant Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…During the APEC period, the Chinese government took more stringent emission reduction measures in Beijing and the surrounding region, including banning heavily polluting vehicles, closing heavily polluting factories, slowing down construction activities and so on [21]. Some studies found that the mass concentration of air pollutants during the events decreased significantly, except for O 3 [9,22]. The results of our studies showed that the emission control measures were the most effective on O 3 out of the six air pollutants, indicating that the major O 3 precursors (nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds) were well controlled, and that meteorological conditions also played a positive role during the YOG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mixing layer was high and photochemical conversion was strong at this time, as SO2 in the upper air was transferred to the ground which led to the peak [9]. The main source of NO2 in Nanjing is automobile exhaust.…”

Section: Diurnal Evolution Of Air Pollutant Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air Quality and Control Measures Evaluation during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing and its Surrounding Cities

Zhao

Zheng

2017

Atmosphere

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Abstract:Air pollution had become a vital concern for the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. In order to control air pollutant emissions and ensure better air quality during the Games, the Nanjing municipal government took a series of aggressive control measures to reduce pollutant emissions in Nanjing and its surrounding cities during the Youth Olympic Games. The Air Quality Index (AQI) is an index of air quality which is used to inform the public about levels of air pollution and associated health risks. In this study, we use the AQI and air pollutant concentrations data to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of control measures. The results suggest that the emission reduction measures significantly improved air quality in Nanjing. In August 2014, the mean concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , NO 2 , CO and O 3 were 42.44 µg·m −3 , 59.01 µg·m −3 , 11.12 µg·m −3 , 31.09 µg·m −3 , 0.76 mg·m −3 and 38.39 µg·m −3 , respectively, and fell by 35.92%, 36.75%, 20.40%, 15.05%, 8.54% and 47.15%, respectively, compared to the prophase mean before the emission reduction. After the emission reduction, the mean concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and O 3 increased by 20.81%, 41.84%, 22.84%, 21.16% and 60.93%, respectively, which is due to the cancellation of temporary atmospheric pollution control measures. The air pollutants diurnal variation curve during the emission reduction was lower than the other two periods, except for CO. In addition, the AQI of Nanjing and its surrounding cities showed a downward trend, compared with July 2014. The most of effective method to control air pollution is to implement the measures of regional cooperation and joint defense and control, and reduce local emissions during the polluted period, such as airborne dust, coal-burning, vehicle emissions, mobile sources and industrial production.

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Section: Spatial Variation Of the Aqi And Air Pollutant Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air Quality and Control Measures Evaluation during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing and its Surrounding Cities

Zhao

Zheng

2017

Atmosphere

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“…A recent study reported that its implementation has favored the reduction of air pollutants (PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , and NO X ) [28], but O 3 concentration showed an increasing trend from 2013 to 2017 [29][30][31]. Meanwhile, other studies also suggested that the implementation of air pollution control measures during some international events such as the APEC Meeting, the G20 summit, and some political events can result in the reduction in concentration of PM 2.5 , while O 3 concentration increased [32,33]. As a result, it has been suggested that PM 2.5 and O 3 pollution and their interaction should be further investigated [34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spatiotemporal Distribution of PM2.5 and O3 and Their Interaction During the Summer and Winter Seasons in Beijing, China

Zhao

Zheng

2018

Sustainability

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This study analyzed the spatiotemporal variations in PM 2.5 and O 3 , and explored their interaction in the summer and winter seasons in Beijing. To this aim, hourly PM 2.5 and O 3 data for 35 air quality monitoring sites were analyzed during the summer and winter of 2016. Results suggested that the highest PM 2.5 concentration and the lowest O 3 concentration were observed at traffic monitoring sites during the two seasons. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) different diurnal variation of PM 2.5 was observed between the summer and winter seasons, with higher concentrations during daytime summer and nighttime winter. Diurnal variations of O 3 concentrations during the two seasons showed a single peak, occurring at 16:00 and 15:00 in summer and winter, respectively. PM 2.5 presented a spatial pattern with higher concentrations in southern Beijing than in northern areas, particularly evident during wintertime. On the contrary, O 3 concentrations presented a decreasing spatial trend from the north to the south, particularly evident during summer. In addition, we found that PM 2.5 concentrations were positively correlated (p < 0.01, r = 0.57) with O 3 concentrations in summer, but negatively correlated (p < 0.01, r = −0.72) with O 3 concentrations in winter.

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“…Such strict control measures were extended to areas surrounding Beijing, such as Tianjin, and various cities in Hebei and Shandong Province. As a result of the reduction control measures imposed during the APEC period, the concentrations of CO, SO 2 , NO, NO 2 , and PM 2.5 decreased by 54, 74, 64, 48, and 65%, respectively, in Beijing (Wang et al, ). As for Hebei province, the average reduction rates in the emissions of PM 2.5 , SO 2 , and NO 2 were 31, 38, and 21%, respectively (Wang & Dai, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Properties of Aerosols and Implications for Radiative Effects in Beijing During the Asia‐Pacific Economic Cooperation Summit 2014

et al. 2017

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An intensive measurement campaign was conducted in Beijing during the Asia‐Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Summit 2014 to investigate the effectiveness of stringent emission controls on aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing (DRF). Average values of PM2.5, light scattering (bscat), and light absorption (babs) coefficients decreased by 40, 64, and 56%, respectively, during the APEC control period compared with noncontrol periods. For the APEC control period, the PM2.5 mass scattering and absorption efficiencies were both smaller than the noncontrol period by a factor of ~2. Calculations based on a revised IMPROVE method and linear regression showed that sulfate, nitrate, organic matter, elemental carbon, and fine soil contributed comparably to the light extinction coefficient (bext) in both periods, but the bext values were 27–64% lower during the APEC period. A positive matrix factorization receptor model showed that bext from two secondary aerosol sources, biomass burning, traffic‐related emissions, and coal burning decreased by 26–87% during the APEC control period. The average DRF calculated from the Tropospheric Ultraviolet and Visible radiation model was −11.9 and −4.6 W m−2 at the surface during the noncontrol and APEC control periods, respectively, suggesting an overall cooling effect. The reduction of DRF from each emission source ranged from ~30–80% during the APEC control period. The results suggest that the pollution control measures implemented for APEC substantially reduced air pollution and could help mitigate the cooling effects of aerosols at the surface in Beijing.

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Changes in atmospheric composition during the 2014 APEC conference in Beijing

Cited by 37 publications

References 36 publications

Air Quality and Control Measures Evaluation during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing and its Surrounding Cities

Air Quality and Control Measures Evaluation during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing and its Surrounding Cities

Spatiotemporal Distribution of PM2.5 and O3 and Their Interaction During the Summer and Winter Seasons in Beijing, China

Optical Properties of Aerosols and Implications for Radiative Effects in Beijing During the Asia‐Pacific Economic Cooperation Summit 2014

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