Changes in abundance of an abscisic acid-responsive, early cysteine-labeled metallothionein transcript during pollen embryogenesis in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Reynolds, Thomas H.; Crawford, R. L.

doi:10.1007/bf00020480

Cited by 74 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Type 3 MTs are expressed abundantly in the ripe fruits (Clendennen & May, 1997;Ledger & Gardner, 1994;Reid & Ross, 1997), and expression of Type 4 MTs, also known as the Ec type, was only found in developing seeds so far (Chyan et al, 2005;Lane et al, 1987). A vast number of stimuli have been demonstrated capable of inducing MT genes expression in plants, including natural senescence (Bhalerao et al, 2003), hormones like ABA (Reynolds & Crawford, 1996), ethylene (Coupe et al, 1995), wounding and virus infection (Choi et al, 1996), heat shock (Hsieh et al, 1995), sucrose starvation (Hsieh et al, 1996), UV-light (Foley & Singh, 1994), cold and salt stress (Reid & Ross, 1997), etc. Apparently, different types of MTs respond to different factors, which is especially true when treated with heavy metal stress under different concentrations.…”

Section: Metallothionein: Metal-binding Protein and Morementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wheat type 4 MT Ec gene was specially expressed during pollen embryogenesis, and its accumulation correlates well with increase of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA). It's suggested that induced by the ABA signal, this zinc-containing Ec may regulate certain gene expression via zinc trafficking with zinc-dependent DNA/RNA polymerase or zinc-finger proteins (Reynolds & Crawford, 1996). MTs have been implicated during senescence in many plants (Bhalerao et al, 2003;Breeze et al, 2004;Buchanan-Wollaston & Morris, 2000), and hypotheses for MT's role in senescence primarily reckon on either MTs' chelating and detoxifying abilities which alleviate the senescence-induced metal ion disturbance and oxidative burst, or the release of necessary metal ions to required places for nutrient recycling.…”

Section: Metallothionein: Metal-binding Protein and Morementioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards Understanding Plant Response to Heavy Metal Stress

Zhao¹,

Chu²

2011

Abiotic Stress in Plants - Mechanisms and Adaptations

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IntroductionMetals like zinc, iron and copper are essential micronutrients required for a wide range of physiological processes in all plant organs for the activities of various metal-dependent enzymes and proteins. However, they can also be toxic at elevated levels. Metals like arsenic, mercury, cadmium and lead are nonessential and potentially highly toxic. Once the cytosolic metal concentration in plant turns out of control, phytotoxicity of heavy metal inhibits transpiration and photosynthesis, disturbs carbohydrate metabolism, and drives the secondary stresses like nutrition stress and oxidative stress, which collectively affect the plant development and growth (Krämer & Clemens, 2005). Plants have developed a complex network of highly effective homeostatic mechanisms that serve to control the uptake, accumulation, trafficking, and detoxification of metals. Components of this network have been identified continuously, including metal transporters in charge of metal uptake and vacuolar transport; chelators involved in metal detoxification via buffering the cytosolic metal concentrations; and chaperones helping delivery and trafficking of metal ions (Clemens, 2001). This chapter summarizes heavy metal stress and detoxification in plant. Special focus is given to metallothionein, yet vacuolar metal transporters, phytochelatins as well as certain organic acids, amino acids, and chaperones are also addressed with recent advances. Besides, heavy metal-induced oxidative stress and tolerance as an example of abiotic stress cross-talk will be discussed.

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Section: Metallothionein: Metal-binding Protein and Morementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metallothionein: Metal-binding Protein and Morementioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Understanding Plant Response to Heavy Metal Stress

Zhao¹,

Chu²

2011

Abiotic Stress in Plants - Mechanisms and Adaptations

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show abstract

“…In vitro embryo cultures derived from both somatic and gametophytic tissues have been used successfully as tools to identify genes expressed during early embryo development (Wilde et al, 1988;Aleith and Richter, 1990;Reynolds and Kitto, 1992;Wurtele et al, 1993;Boutilier et al, 1994;Zarsky et al, 1995;Reynolds and Crawford, 1996;Schmidt et al, 1997;Vrinten et al, 1999). One of these genes, SO-MATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE , was recently shown to enhance Arabidopsis somatic embryo development (Hecht et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic Expression of BABY BOOM Triggers a Conversion from Vegetative to Embryonic Growth

Boutilier

Offringa

Sharma³

et al. 2002

Plant Cell

850

767

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The molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and maintenance of the embryonic pathway in plants are largely unknown. To obtain more insight into these processes, we used subtractive hybridization to identify genes that are upregulated during the in vitro induction of embryo development from immature pollen grains of Brassica napus (microspore embryogenesis). One of the genes identified, BABY BOOM ( BBM ), shows similarity to the AP2/ERF family of transcription factors and is expressed preferentially in developing embryos and seeds. Ectopic expression of BBM in Arabidopsis and Brassica led to the spontaneous formation of somatic embryos and cotyledon-like structures on seedlings. Ectopic BBM expression induced additional pleiotropic phenotypes, including neoplastic growth, hormone-free regeneration of explants, and alterations in leaf and flower morphology. The expression pattern of BBM in developing seeds combined with the BBM overexpression phenotype suggests a role for this gene in promoting cell proliferation and morphogenesis during embryogenesis.

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“…Differentially expressed genes isolated from barley microspore cultures include nonspecific lipid transfer protein (ECLTP), glutathione S-transferase (ECGST), an unknown protein (ECA1), and 14-3-3 isoforms (Vrinten et al, 1999;Maraschin et al, 2003). A Cys-labeled metallothionein protein expressed from 6 h after embryo induction was identified in wheat microspore cultures (Reynolds and Crawford, 1996;Reynolds, 1997). Using mRNA differential display, a small secreted protein (CLE19) expressed at the globular to heart stage (10 d) of B. napus MDEs was isolated (Fiers et al, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

Transcript Profiling and Identification of Molecular Markers for Early Microspore Embryogenesis inBrassica napus

et al. 2007

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Isolated microspores of Brassica napus are developmentally programmed to form gametes; however, microspores can be reprogrammed through stress treatments to undergo appropriate divisions and form embryos. We are interested in the identification and isolation of factors and genes associated with the induction and establishment of embryogenesis in isolated microspores. Standard and normalized cDNA libraries, as well as subtractive cDNA libraries, were constructed from freshly isolated microspores (0 h) and microspores cultured for 3, 5, or 7 d under embryogenesis-inducing conditions. Library comparison tools were used to identify shifts in metabolism across this time course. Detailed expressed sequence tag analyses of 3 and 5 d cultures indicate that most sequences are related to pollen-specific genes. However, semiquantitative and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses at the initial stages of embryo induction also reveal expression of embryogenesis-related genes such as BABYBOOM1, LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1), and LEC2 as early as 2 to 3 d of microspore culture. Sequencing results suggest that embryogenesis is clearly established in a subset of the microspores by 7 d of culture and that this time point is optimal for isolation of embryo-specific expressed sequence tags such as ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3, ATS1, LEC1, LEC2, and FUSCA3. Following extensive polymerase chain reaction-based expression profiling, 16 genes were identified as unequivocal molecular markers for microspore embryogenesis in B. napus. These molecular marker genes also show expression during zygotic embryogenesis, underscoring the common developmental pathways that function in zygotic and gametic embryogenesis. The quantitative expression values of several of these molecular marker genes are shown to be predictive of embryogenic potential in B. napus cultivars (e

show abstract

Changes in abundance of an abscisic acid-responsive, early cysteine-labeled metallothionein transcript during pollen embryogenesis in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Cited by 74 publications

References 26 publications

Towards Understanding Plant Response to Heavy Metal Stress

Towards Understanding Plant Response to Heavy Metal Stress

Ectopic Expression of BABY BOOM Triggers a Conversion from Vegetative to Embryonic Growth

Transcript Profiling and Identification of Molecular Markers for Early Microspore Embryogenesis inBrassica napus

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