Change of intestinal microbiota in cerebral ischemic stroke patients

Abstract

Background Gut microbiota has been suggested to play a role in stroke patients. Nevertheless, little is known about gut microbiota and the clinical indexes in stroke patients. Methods Total of 30 cerebral ischemic stroke (CI) patients and 30 healthy control were enrolled in this study and the fecal gut microbiota was profiled via Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA V1-V2. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were used to quantify stroke severity and modified Rankin scale (mRS) to assess outcome for CI patients. The correlations between the clinical indexes and microbiota were evaluated. Results Though the microbial α-diversity and structure is similar between CI patients and healthy controls, the gut microbiota of CI patients had more short chain fatty acids producer including Odoribacter , Akkermansia, Ruminococcaceae_ UCG_005 and Victivallis . We also found that the special microbes were correlation with serum index, such as norank_O _ _Mollicutes_RF9 , Enterobacter , Ruminococcaceae _UCG-002 were negative correlation with LDL (r = − 0.401, P < 0.01), HDL (r = − 0.425, P < 0.01) and blood glucose (r = − 0.439, P < 0.001), while the HDL was significantly positive correlation with the genus Ruminococcus _1 (r = 0.443, P < 0.001). The Christensenellaceae _R-7_group and norank_f_ Ruminococcaceae was significantly positive correlation with NIHSS1M (r = 0.514, P < 0.05; r = 0.449, P < 0.05) and mRS (r = 0.471, P < 0.05, r = 0.503, P < 0.01), respectively. On the other hand, the genus Enterobacter was significantly negative correlation with NIHSS1M (r = 0.449, P < 0.05) and mRS (r = 0.503, P < 0.01). Conclusions This study suggests that CI patients showed significant dysbiosis of the gut microbiota with enriched short chain fatty acids producer, including Odoribacter , Akkermansia . This dysbiosis was correlation with the outcomes and deserves further study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-019-1552-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Neurological Disorders

“…However, these results may be confounded by factors, such as age, type 2 diabetes mellitus or obesity, which are risk factors for stroke that are associated with a different gut microbiota composition (Qin et al, 2012;Karlsson et al, 2013;Torres-Fuentes et al, 2017;An et al, 2018). For αdiversity, studies are also contradictory (Yin et al, 2015;Li N. et al, 2019). Furthermore, decreased neuronal injury and improved cognitive performance was observed in diabetic mice with bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion after receiving Clostridium butyricum suspension intragastrically (Sun et al, 2016).…”

Experimental Stroke Induces Chronic Gut Dysbiosis and Neuroinflammation in Male Mice

“…Interestingly, changes in some Ruminococcaceae have been associated with behavioral deficits and social avoidance in mice [74,75]. Human fecal samples taken from stroke patients within 48 hours of hospital admission showed an increase in Ruminococcaceae_UCG_005; and three genera of Ruminococcaceae were consistently upregulated in severe stroke compared to mild stroke patients [76]. The abundance of Ruminococcaceae in neurocritically ill patients has been negatively associated with length of hospital stay [77].…”

Protective Effect of Tong-Qiao-Huo-Xue Decoction on Inflammatory Injury Caused by Intestinal Microbial Disorders in Stroke Rats

“…Related studies have shown that post-stroke inflammatory response is a long-lasting pathological process of ischemic brain injury, which is an important cause of secondary brain injury 4) . This process is closely related to intestinal microbial imbalance and intestinal barrier destruction after stroke [5][6][7][8] .…”