Change in the Predominant Bacteria in a Microbial Consortium Cultured on Media Containing Aromatic and Saturated Hydrocarbons as the Sole Carbon Source

Abstract

A No.22 consortium was isolated from contaminated soils at oilfields by repeated transfer on a mineral salts medium with the aromatic hydrocarbon fraction from crude petroleum. The consortium was able to degrade aromatic hydrocarbons at high rates. Fourteen major DNA bands were detected in the consortium by PCR-DGGE. Three strains were capable of forming colonies on agarose plates containing mineral salts and aromatic hydrocarbons, and identified as Pandoraea sp. Y1, Hyphomicrobium facile Y3, and Burkholderia multivorans Y4 by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The consortia of three cultures; an aromatic subculture, a saturated culture transferred from the subculture, and an aromatic obtained culture from the transferred culture, were compared using PCR-DGGE, a clone library, and quantitative real-time PCR. Burkholderia species containing strain Y4 became the dominant species in the saturated culture whereas its abundance decreased in the aromatic culture. Pandoraea sp. Y1, which was of low abundance in the saturated culture, and an unisolated bacterium, Brachymonas sp. F, in contrast, increased in the aromatic culture. The aromatic hydrocarbons were degraded by Pandoraea sp. Y1 and B. multivorans Y4, whereas the saturates were only degraded by B. multivorans Y4. The results indicate that the No.22 consortium adapts well to different carbon sources through a change in its predominant species. This study provides some basic information regarding bioremediation using the consortium.

Locally Isolated Bacterial Strains with Multiple Degradation Potential Capabilities on Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollutants

“…Growth and COD removal by indigenous bacterial isolates on NORWW. Similar biodegradation potentials on crude oil[32] and other hydrocarbon contaminated sites[33] [34] were reported for indigenous microorganisms but with much lower rates. Addition of nitrogen and phosphorus during enrichment process might have played an important role in acceleration of biodegradation in the present study.…”

Biodegradation of Crude Oil by Individual Bacterial Strains and a Mixed Bacterial Consortium Isolated from Hydrocarbon Contaminated Areas

“…Therefore, a microbial consortium containing a number of microorganisms which synthesize the degradative enzymes for different parts of the decomposition pathway is considered to be well suited to the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons. Microorganisms not directly involved in the degradation process also probably play a role by producing micronutrients or surface-active agents for the solubilization of aromatic hydrocarbons [13,22]. Sugiura et al [23] reported that biodegradation caused by mixed cultures was more effective than that caused by pure cultures mainly due to the complexity of oil products.…”

Genome of Ca. Pandoraea novymonadis, an Endosymbiotic Bacterium of the Trypanosomatid Novymonas esmeraldas

“…(including some pathogenic ones) were isolated from environmental samples such as soils, hen dung, and oxic water layer above a sulfide-containing sediment ( Coenye et al, 2000 ; Anandham et al, 2010 ; Sahin et al, 2011 ). These free-living species participate in the biodegradation of various organic substances (including important pollutants) or perform chemosynthesis by oxidation of heterotrophic sulfur ( Okeke et al, 2002 ; Graff and Stubner, 2003 ; Ozaki et al, 2007 ; Liz et al, 2009 ; Kumar et al, 2015 ; Jeong et al, 2016 ).…”