Challenges in evaluating PM concentration levels, commuting exposure, and mask efficacy in reducing PM exposure in growing, urban communities in a developing country

Patel, Disa; Shibata, Tomoyuki; Wilson, James L.; Maidin, Alimin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.163

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In a study which tested the filtration capability against PM 2.5 from volcanic ash, the mean filtration ranged from 18 to 72% for different fabric mask types [91], with a lot of variability within each category of fabric. In an urban setting in Indonesia, PM 2.5 and PM 10 were reduced on average by 30% and 70%, respectively, when filtered through a surgical mask but the average change in PM 2.5 when filtered through a bandana, hijab or motorcycle neoprene anti-dust mask was very close to zero [90]. For many of the bandanas, hijabs, or dust masks, PM 2.5 concentration was substantially increased past the material, even if PM 10 concentration was decreased.…”

Section: Data Regarding the Use Of Non-respirator Masksmentioning

confidence: 90%

Health effects of wildfire smoke in children and public health tools: a narrative review

Holm

Miller

Balmes

2020

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

125

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Wildfire smoke is an increasing environmental health threat to which children are particularly vulnerable, for both physiologic and behavioral reasons. To address the need for improved public health messaging this review summarizes current knowledge and knowledge gaps in the health effects of wildfire smoke in children, as well as tools for public health response aimed at children, including consideration of low-cost sensor data, respirators, and exposures in school environments. There is an established literature of health effects in children from components of ambient air pollution, which are also present in wildfire smoke, and an emerging literature on the effects of wildfire smoke, particularly for respiratory outcomes. Low-cost particulate sensors demonstrate the spatial variability of pollution, including wildfire smoke, where children live and play. Surgical masks and respirators can provide limited protection for children during wildfire events, with expected decreases of roughly 20% and 80% for surgical masks and N95 respirators, respectively. Schools should improve filtration to reduce exposure of our nation's children to smoke during wildfire events. The evidence base described may help clinical and public health authorities provide accurate information to families to improve their decision making.

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Section: Data Regarding the Use Of Non-respirator Masksmentioning

confidence: 90%

Health effects of wildfire smoke in children and public health tools: a narrative review

Holm

Miller

Balmes

2020

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

125

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“…After preliminary research and a pilot study, behavioral questions were designed based on the relatively common six risk reduction behaviors regarding PM 2.5 [9,19,20,21,22,23]. A preliminary investigation with open and closed-ended questions was conducted to identify risk reduction behaviors related to PM 2.5 exposure and their potential influencing factors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies suggest that taking appropriate protective measures can minimize the adverse health effects of PM 2.5 exposure [9,19,20,21,22], such as wearing professional dust masks, using air filtrations, reducing the duration of opened windows in the fog and haze, regulating daily activities according to the air quality index (AQI), and cleaning the nasal cavity after returning home. However, most studies on risk reduction behaviors regarding PM 2.5 exposure mainly focus on limited behaviors such as wearing a mask or adjusting outdoor activity time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Reduction Behaviors Regarding PM2.5 Exposure among Outdoor Exercisers in the Nanjing Metropolitan Area, China

Xiong

Xia

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Aims: This study aimed to describe risk reduction behaviors regarding ambient particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) among outdoor exercisers and to explore potential factors influencing those behaviors in the urban area of Nanjing, China. Method: A cross-sectional convenience sample survey was conducted among 302 outdoor exercisers in May 2015. Descriptive analysis was used to describe demographics, outdoor physical activity patterns, knowledge of PM2.5 and risk reduction behaviors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then used to explore factors that influence the adoption of risk reduction behaviors. Results: The most common behavior to reduce PM2.5 exposure was minimizing the times for opening windows on hazy days (75.5%), and the least common one was using air purifiers (19.3%). Two thirds of respondents indicated that they wore face masks when going outside in the haze (59.5%), but only 13.6% of them would wear professional antismog face masks. Participants adopting risk reduction behaviors regarding PM2.5 exposure tended to be females, 50–60 year-olds, those with higher levels of knowledge about PM2.5 and those who had children. Conclusions: These findings indicate the importance of improving knowledge about PM2.5 among outdoor exercisers. Educational interventions should also be necessary to guide the public to take appropriate precautionary measures when undertaking outdoor exercise in high PM2.5 pollution areas.

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“…Acute respiratory illness can result from respiratory infections caused by a wide range of pathogens, which may vary by age group and time of year, as well as by other factors such as indoor and outdoor air pollution [ 16 , 17 ]. In Indonesia, attention has focused upon sporadic cases of severe respiratory illness caused by human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5N1) virus [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare-seeking behaviors for acute respiratory illness in two communities of Java, Indonesia: a cross-sectional survey

Praptiningsih¹,

Lafond

Wahyuningrum

et al. 2016

JEGH

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Understanding healthcare-seeking patterns for respiratory illness can help improve estimations of disease burden and inform public health interventions to control acute respiratory disease in Indonesia. The objectives of this study were to describe healthcare-seeking behaviors for respiratory illnesses in one rural and one urban community in Western Java, and to explore the factors that affect care seeking. From February 8, 2012 to March 1, 2012, a survey was conducted in 2520 households in the East Jakarta and Bogor districts to identify reported recent respiratory illnesses, as well as all hospitalizations from the previous 12-month period. We found that 4% (10% of those less than 5 years) of people had respiratory disease resulting in a visit to a healthcare provider in the past 2 weeks; these episodes were most commonly treated at government (33%) or private (44%) clinics. Forty-five people (0.4% of those surveyed) had respiratory hospitalizations in the past year, and just over half of these (24/45, 53%) occurred at a public hospital. Public health programs targeting respiratory disease in this region should account for care at private hospitals and clinics, as well as illnesses that are treated at home, in order to capture the true burden of illness in these communities.

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Challenges in evaluating PM concentration levels, commuting exposure, and mask efficacy in reducing PM exposure in growing, urban communities in a developing country

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Health effects of wildfire smoke in children and public health tools: a narrative review

Health effects of wildfire smoke in children and public health tools: a narrative review

Risk Reduction Behaviors Regarding PM2.5 Exposure among Outdoor Exercisers in the Nanjing Metropolitan Area, China

Healthcare-seeking behaviors for acute respiratory illness in two communities of Java, Indonesia: a cross-sectional survey

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