Challenges in a future IP/ethernet-based in-car network for real-time applications

Abstract

In current vehicles, a large number of control units are connected by several automotive specific communication buses, facilitating innovative distributed applications. At the same time, computers and entertainment devices use IP and commodity communications technology like Ethernet to connect to the Internet, allowing for innovative solutions and maintaining fast innovation cycles. Today, one can see first applications of Ethernet for in-vehicle communication in contemporary cars. In next generation vehicles, many innovative applications could benefit from the increased bandwidth Ethernet can offer. Therefore, a examination of Ethernet usage for additional in-vehicle communication use cases is needed. In this paper, we show simulation results of promising use cases for in-car Ethernet, while looking at different realistic topologies, types of traffic, and configurations.

Holistic analysis for fork-join distributed tasks supported by the FTT-SE protocol

“…The rbf i,j,k (t) is computed as: (1) where, sn i,j,k is the number of switches that µ i,j,k traverses from the origin node to its destination (nodes in R i,j,k ), W l i,j,k (t) is the shared link delay, and W r i,j,k (t) is the remote link delay. The Shared Link Delay and the Remote Link delay are briefly explained below.…”

“…But current network technologies only provide low bandwidth and the ECUs have relatively reduced processing power. In the future, applications will require higher bandwidth and more powerful resources (to accommodate for instance infotainment applications [1]). Future applications will require a network that conciliates real-time traffic guarantees (time-triggered and event-triggered), best-effort traffic, on-line scheduling, etc., and also they will require the use of more powerful computing models.…”

Analysis and modeling of asynchronous traffic shaping in time sensitive networks

“…Some works in the literature elaborate the requirements and implementation of the real-time scheduled traffic in TSN networks. For instance, references [3] and [4] give examples of applying Ethernet and scheduled TSN to in-vehicle and wireless communication systems, emphasizing the importance of scheduling. The evaluation in [3] proves that Ethernet is able to transport the traffics mixing of different vehicle functions but scheduling is necessary in the overload situations.…”

Schedule Integration Framework for Time-Triggered Automotive Architectures

“…Our framework is based on a fully time-triggered system, providing the basis for temporal composablity [5] [6] which is an asset in the automotive domain. Time-triggered systems are increasingly used in E/E-architectures, in particular, in the form of FlexRay [7] and upcoming automotive Ethernet [8]. Scheduling of time-triggered systems is a challenging task and various approaches have been proposed.…”