Challenges and Opportunities of Hydrogen Delivery via Pipeline, Tube‐Trailer, LIQUID Tanker and Methanation‐Natural Gas Grid

Reddi, Krishna; Mintz, Marianne; Elgowainy, Amgad; Sutherland, Erika

doi:10.1002/9783527674268.ch35

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Tube trailers have better application during extreme events because of the simplicity of all types of infrastructure. Another advantage of tube trailers is their low hydrogen loss and compression costs for filling stations [139]. To ensure the safe use of tube trailers, it is necessary to perform hydrostatic blasting, penetration tests, leakage before blasting, pressure and temperature cycle tests, and other tests [140].…”

Section: Enabling Technology and Business Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen‐powered smart grid resilience

Han

Wang

et al. 2023

Energy Conversion and Econom

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With an increasing frequency of natural disasters and security attacks, the safe and stable operation of smart grid has been challenged unprecedently. To reduce the economic loss and social impact caused by power outage accidents, it is urgent to develop and improve the smart grid technology, and strengthen the disaster resistance and recovery capability of smart grids when faced with extreme events. As an efficient and flexible secondary energy source, hydrogen is crucial in improving the resilience of smart grid and supporting energy security. To further promote the deep integration of hydrogen systems and smart grid and improve the energy system resilience, the resilience of smart grids supported by hydrogen is assessed in this study. First, a technical framework of hydrogen-powered smart grid resilience is established, and the value of hydrogen-powered smart grid resilience is analysed considering different time frames (before, during and after an extreme event) of smart grids facing extreme events. Then, hydrogen-powered smart grid resilience is investigated from perspectives of pre-prevention regulation, in-process correction regulation, and postrecovery regulation. Finally, future direction for hydrogen-powered smart grid resilience is investigated and related policy suggestions are provided.

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Section: Enabling Technology and Business Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen‐powered smart grid resilience

Han

Wang

et al. 2023

Energy Conversion and Econom

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“…With the rollout of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles, a wide availability of refueling stations becomes a key issue for an efficient operation. Today, the available infrastructure of pipelines is very limited, mainly focused on large industrial users, such as petroleum refineries and fertilizer plants [36]. The utilization of tube trailers allows for a more economical delivery mode for lower-demand customers and refueling stations at reasonable distances from production sites (less than 100 miles).…”

Section: Tube Trailersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, tube trailers using composite pressure vessels provide a higher strength and lower weight solution, albeit at a higher cost. Both type III and type IV configurations have been employed, and they can deliver more than a 1000 kg payload [36].…”

Section: Tube Trailersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Industrial Perspectives and Challenges on Material, Manufacturing, Design and Development of Compressed Hydrogen Storage Tanks for the Transportation Sector

et al. 2022

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Hydrogen fuel cell technology is securing a place in the future of advanced mobility and the energy revolution, as engineers explore multiple paths in the quest for decarbonization. The feasibility of hydrogen-based fuel cell vehicles particularly relies on the development of safe, lightweight and cost-competitive solutions for hydrogen storage. After the demonstration of hundreds of prototype vehicles, today, commercial hydrogen tanks are in the first stages of market introduction, adopting configurations that use composite materials. However, production rates remain low and costs high. This paper intends to provide an insight into the evolving scenario of solutions for hydrogen storage in the transportation sector. Current applications in different sectors of transport are covered, focusing on their individual requirements. Furthermore, this work addresses the efforts to produce economically attractive composite tanks, discussing the challenges surrounding material choices and manufacturing practices, as well as cutting-edge trends pursued by research and development teams. Key issues in the design and analysis of hydrogen tanks are also discussed. Finally, testing and certification requirements are debated once they play a vital role in industry acceptance.

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“…However, the process of hydrogen liquefaction and the maintenance of the necessary low temperatures do consume a significant amount of energy. In terms of potential boil-off during delivery, there are technological solutions in place to manage and minimize boil-off as much as possible [30,31].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Cost of Ownership Analysis of Fuel Cell Electric Bus with Different Hydrogen Supply Alternatives

Chen,

Wang

2023

Sustainability

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In the transition to sustainable public transportation with zero-emission buses, hydrogen fuel cell electric buses have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional diesel buses. However, assessing their economic viability is crucial for widespread adoption. This study carries out a comprehensive examination, encompassing both sensitivity and probabilistic analyses, to assess the total cost of ownership (TCO) for the bus fleet and its corresponding infrastructure. It considers various hydrogen supply options, encompassing on-site electrolysis, on-site steam methane reforming, and off-site hydrogen procurement with both gaseous and liquid delivery methods. The analysis covers critical cost elements, encompassing bus acquisition costs, infrastructure capital expenses, and operational and maintenance costs for both buses and infrastructure. This paper conducted two distinct case studies: one involving a current small bus fleet of five buses and another focusing on a larger fleet set to launch in 2028. For the current small fleet, the off-site gray hydrogen purchase with a gaseous delivery option is the most cost-effective among hydrogen alternatives, but it still incurs a 26.97% higher TCO compared to diesel buses. However, in the case of the expanded 2028 fleet, the steam methane-reforming method without carbon capture emerges as the most likely option to attain the lowest TCO, with a high probability of 99.5%. Additionally, carbon emission costs were incorporated in response to the growing emphasis on environmental sustainability. The findings indicate that although diesel buses currently represent the most economical option in terms of TCO for the existing small fleet, steam methane reforming with carbon capture presents a 69.2% likelihood of being the most cost-effective solution, suggesting it is a strong candidate for cost efficiency for the expanded 2028 fleet. Notably, substantial investments are required to increase renewable energy integration in the power grid and to enhance electrolyzer efficiency. These improvements are essential to make the electrolyzer a more competitive alternative to steam methane reforming. Overall, the findings in this paper underscore the substantial impact of the hydrogen supply chain and carbon emission costs on the TCO of zero-emission buses.

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Challenges and Opportunities of Hydrogen Delivery via Pipeline, Tube‐Trailer, LIQUID Tanker and Methanation‐Natural Gas Grid

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Hydrogen‐powered smart grid resilience

Hydrogen‐powered smart grid resilience

A Review on Industrial Perspectives and Challenges on Material, Manufacturing, Design and Development of Compressed Hydrogen Storage Tanks for the Transportation Sector

Total Cost of Ownership Analysis of Fuel Cell Electric Bus with Different Hydrogen Supply Alternatives

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