Chain length‐dependent effects of inulin‐type fructan dietary fiber on human systemic immune responses against hepatitis‐B

Vogt, Leonie M.; Elderman, Marlies; Borghuis, Theo; Haan, Bart J. de; Faas, Marijke M.; Vos, Paul de

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201700171

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Similar immune effects via pattern recognition receptors have been reported for lactobacilli . As a consequence of these interactions with pattern recognition receptors, these food ingredients may be instrumental, for example, in the management of STM infection as this enteropathogen uses TLRs, especially TLR2, 4, and 5, to invade the host …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Synbiotic Effects of the Dietary Fiber Long‐Chain Inulin and Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus W37 Can be Caused by Direct, Synergistic Stimulation of Immune Toll‐Like Receptors and Dendritic Cells

Lépine

Vos

2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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ScopeSynbiotic effects of dietary fibers and lactobacilli are usually explained by synergistic modulation of gut microbiota. New insight, however, has demonstrated that both dietary fibers and lactobacilli can directly stimulate immune cells and benefit consumer immunity. Here, the synergistic effects of immune active long‐chain inulin (lcITF) and Lactobacillus acidophilus W37 (LaW37) on dendritic cells (DCs) are investigated.Methods and resultsEffects of lcITF and LaW37 alone or combined were studied on Toll‐like receptor (TLRs) signaling and cytokine secretion by DCs in the presence and absence of media of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) exposed to the ingredients. Also, the effects of DC responses against Salmonella Typhimurium (STM) were investigated. Synergistic effects were observed on TLR2 and 3. Synergistic effects were not always pro‐inflammatory. LaW37 was strongly pro‐inflammatory, while cytokine responses were regulatory when combined with lcITF. Exposure of DCs to IECs medium changed the DCs’ response, which revealed synergistic enhancing effects of lcITF/LaW37 on production of IL‐6 and IL‐8. DCs’ response in the presence of STM and LaW37 were so strong that lcITF had no additional effect.ConclusionIt is demonstrated that synbiotic effects of dietary fibers and bacteria are not limited to the effects on gut microbiota but can also occur by synergistically directly stimulating IECs and/or immune cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Synbiotic Effects of the Dietary Fiber Long‐Chain Inulin and Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus W37 Can be Caused by Direct, Synergistic Stimulation of Immune Toll‐Like Receptors and Dendritic Cells

Lépine

Vos

2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…Inulins, linear carbohydrate polymers that consist of β-(2, 1) fructosyl-fructose linkages, are widely added to dairy products, such as milk drinks and desserts. Because of their selective fermentation feature in the colon, inulins exhibit different characteristics from most dietary fibers 2 ; thus, they show beneficial effects through several gastrointestinal functions, including increasing mineral absorption 3 and systemic immunity 4 , as well as decreasing the risks of intestinal infections 5 , liver diseases 6 , colon cancer 7 , type II diabetes 8 and obesity 9 .…”

Section: Societal Lifestyle Changes Especially Increased Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inulin with different degrees of polymerization protects against diet-induced endotoxemia and inflammation in association with gut microbiota regulation in mice

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

106

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and microbial-dependent metabolites and components driven by inulin on physiological indexes disturbed by a high-fat diet. The objective of this study was to evaluate how inulin with different degrees of polymerization modulated gut microbial ecology and host physiology, including mainly biochemical indicators, glucose metabolism and immunity, as well as to assess whether these microbial changes affect the host phenotype in high-fat diet-fed mice. Results Food intake and body and tissue weight. Food intake in the LC (high-fat diet plus long-chain inulin) group was always higher than that of the other three groups (Fig. 1A). The average food intakes in the NCD (normal chow diet), HFD (high-fat diet), SC (high-fat diet plus short-chain inulin) and LC groups were 18.89, 21.07, 21.76 and 27.36 g/week, respectively. The average weekly food intake in the LC group was significantly higher than that in the HFD and SC groups (p < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed between the HFD and NCD groups (Fig. 1B, p > 0.05). The body, liver, epididymal fat, abdominal fat, kidney and pancreas weights at the tenth week in the HFD group were significantly higher than those in the NCD group (p < 0.05), whereas there were no significant differences among the HFD, SC and LC groups (Fig. 1C,D, p > 0.05). Biochemical indicators and glycemic metabolism. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that a high-fat diet resulted in a significant increase in serum triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) compared to those in the NCD group (p < 0.05), whereas we observed no significant differences in TG and HDL-C levels among the HFD, SC and LC groups (Fig. 1E, p > 0.05). Moreover, lower TC levels were observed in the LC group than in the SC group (Fig. 1E, p < 0.05). Higher blood glucose levels were observed in the SC group than in the HFD group at 30 and 60 minutes after glucose loading, and blood glucose concentrations in the SC group were higher than those in the LC group at 30 minutes (Fig. 2A, p < 0.01). Furthermore, fasting glucose concentrations and glucose tolerance test area under the glucose curve (GTT AUC) in the HFD group were significantly higher than those in the NCD group (Fig. 2A,B, p < 0.05). No significant differences in fasting glucose levels and glucose tolerance test area under the glucose curve (GTT AUC) were observed among the HFD, SC and LC groups (p > 0.05). In parallel, serum insulin analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in the HFD group compared with that in the NCD group (p < 0.05), and there was no significant difference among the HFD, SC and LC groups (Fig. 2C, p > 0.05).

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“…In a follow-up study, some aspects of the antibody response to vaccination were improved (Lomax et al, 2015). Recently, chain length-dependent effects of inulin-type fructans on the human systemic immune responses have been discovered, such that the long chain inulin could stimulate antibody responses in humans to a vaccine, in contrast to short chain inulin; it was hypothesised that the long chained fructan may interact with receptors in the small intestine (Vogt et al, 2017). Thus, specific chain lengths of fructans might be required for specific immune effects, and these effects might not be necessarily microbiota-mediated.…”

Section: Beneficial Microbes 11(2) 109mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fructans, prebiotics and fibres on the human gut microbiome assessed by 16S rRNA-based approaches: a review

Swanson

Vos

Martens

et al. 2020

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The inherent and diverse capacity of dietary fibres, nondigestible oligosaccharides (NDOs) and prebiotics to modify the gut microbiota and markedly influence health status of the host has attracted rising interest. Research and collective initiatives to determine the composition and diversity of the human gut microbiota have increased over the past decade due to great advances in high-throughput technologies, particularly the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing. Here we reviewed the application of 16S rRNA-based molecular technologies, both community wide (sequencing and phylogenetic microarrays) and targeted methodologies (quantitative PCR, fluorescent in situ hybridisation) to study the effect of chicory inulin-type fructans, NDOs and specific added fibres, such as resistant starches, on the human intestinal microbiota. Overall, such technologies facilitated the monitoring of microbiota shifts due to prebiotic/fibre consumption, though there are limited community-wide sequencing studies so far. Molecular studies confirmed the selective bifidogenic effect of fructans and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) in human intervention studies. Fructans only occasionally decreased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes or stimulated other groups. The sequencing studies for various resistant starches, polydextrose and beta-glucan showed broader effects with more and different types of gut microbial species being enhanced, often including phylotypes of Ruminococcaceae. There was substantial variation in terms of magnitude of response and in individual responses to a specific fibre or NDO which may be due to numerous factors, such as initial presence and relative abundance of a microbial type, diet, genetics of the host, and intervention parameters, such as intervention duration and fibre dose. The field will clearly benefit from a more systematic approach that will support defining the impact of prebiotics and fibres on the gut microbiome, identify biomarkers that link gut microbes to health, and address the personalised response of an individual’s microbiota to prebiotics and dietary fibres.

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Chain length‐dependent effects of inulin‐type fructan dietary fiber on human systemic immune responses against hepatitis‐B

Abstract: Support of immunity is determined by the chain length of ITFs. Only long-chain ITFs support immunity against pathogenic hepB-epitopes introduced by vaccination. Our findings demonstrate that specific dietary fibers need to be selected for immunity support.

Cited by 35 publications

References 60 publications

Synbiotic Effects of the Dietary Fiber Long‐Chain Inulin and Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus W37 Can be Caused by Direct, Synergistic Stimulation of Immune Toll‐Like Receptors and Dendritic Cells

Synbiotic Effects of the Dietary Fiber Long‐Chain Inulin and Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus W37 Can be Caused by Direct, Synergistic Stimulation of Immune Toll‐Like Receptors and Dendritic Cells

Inulin with different degrees of polymerization protects against diet-induced endotoxemia and inflammation in association with gut microbiota regulation in mice

Effect of fructans, prebiotics and fibres on the human gut microbiome assessed by 16S rRNA-based approaches: a review

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