Cesarean Section or Natural Childbirth? Cesarean Birth May Damage Your Health

Abstract

The increasing popularity of Cesarean birth has become a social concern in many countries. This paper reviews the literature on the effects of Cesarean section on children’s psychological health. The results show that Cesarean birth may have adverse effects on children’s sensory perception, sensory integration ability, neuropsychiatric development, and the infant-mother relationship. However, there remain deficiencies in extant research methods, research content, subject groupings, and interpretation of research results. Future research should improve research methods, broaden the research content, and refine the grouping of children born by Cesarean section. The exploration of neural mechanisms is also needed, as well as research directed toward suggesting effective interventions to reduce unnecessary Cesarean sections.

The Effect of Oketani Breast Massage on Successful Breastfeeding, Mothers’ Breastfeeding Support Need, and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy: A Clinical Trial Study

“…Despite global efforts to promote natural childbirth, the rate of non-emergency cesarean sections is increasing, especially in developing countries (1). In Iran, the number of cesarean sections is much higher than the world standard (2) to the extent that it has reached more than 54.8% in some areas (1).…”

“…In Iran, the number of cesarean sections is much higher than the world standard (2) to the extent that it has reached more than 54.8% in some areas (1). However, the rate of cesarean sections in each region should not exceed 10% to 15% (1). The growing and excessive increase of cesarean sections and its negative effects on breastfeeding success and duration of breastfeeding have become a global concern (1,3).…”

“…However, the rate of cesarean sections in each region should not exceed 10% to 15% (1). The growing and excessive increase of cesarean sections and its negative effects on breastfeeding success and duration of breastfeeding have become a global concern (1,3).…”

“…One of the important complications of cesarean sections is their negative impact on breastfeeding success (1). Successful breastfeeding means the successful transfer of milk from the mother's breast to the baby's mouth, which is influenced by several factors such as the infant's desire to receive milk, hearing the sound of a baby swallowing milk, the number of breastfeeding between 8 and 12 times a day, and the emptiness and softness of mother's breasts after each breastfeeding (4).…”

“…While the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF emphasize early breastfeeding within half to one hour of birth and its exclusive continuation for at least six months (1), the onset of breastfeeding is delayed for a longer time for neonates born by cesarean sections compared to those born via normal delivery (3,5,6). This may reduce the baby's acceptance of the breast and the baby's sucking reflex and have a negative effect on the development of the baby's neurological system (7).…”