Cesarean scar endometriosis: Presentation of eleven clinical cases and review of the literature

Demiral, Gökhan; Aksoy, Fikret; Özçelik, Alp; Şaban, Burhan; Kuşak, Mustafa; Ekinci, Özgür; Erengül, Canan

doi:10.5505/tjod.2011.76768

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The Pfannenstiel incision is the most commonly reported type for the occurrence of CSE; however, because of the disease rarity and the need for the pathological confirmation of the diagnosis, it is difficult to estimate the population-wide incidence of CSE for different incision types [19, 20]. Demiral et al speculated that Pfannenstiel incisions confer a higher risk of CSE than do midline incisions, but without sufficient evidence [23]. In this study, the latency period of CSE was 31.6 ± 23.9 months, which was comparable with that reported in other studies [19, 24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cesarean scar endometriosis: presentation of 198 cases and literature review

et al. 2019

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BackgroundCesarean scar endometriosis (CSE) is the most common type of abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE). The aim of this study was to systematically identify the clinical features of CSE and recommend precautionary measures.MethodsA large, retrospective study was undertaken with CSE patients treated surgically at our hospital between January 2005 and December 2017.ResultsA total of 198 CSE patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 32.0 ± 4.0 years. The main complaint of the patients was abdominal mass (98.5%), followed by cyclic pain (86.9%). The latency period of CSE was 31.6 ± 23.9 months, and the duration between the onset of symptoms and this surgery was 28.3 ± 25.0 months. A majority (80.8%, n = 160) of the patients had undergone a Pfannenstiel incision, and a minority (19.2%, n = 38) a vertical midline incision. The latency period of CSE in the case of a Pfannenstiel incision was significantly shorter than that in the case of a vertical midline incision (24.0 vs 33.0 months, P = 0.006). A total of 187 (94.4%) patients had a single endometrioma, 11 (5.6%) patients had multiple endometriomas, and the 11 multiple-endometrioma patients had all undergone a Pfannenstiel incision. Lesions of endometrioma were common in corner sites, after either incision: 142/171 (83.0%) in Pfannenstiel incision scars and 32/38 (84.2%) in vertical incision scars.ConclusionsThe findings of this study indicate that the Pfannenstiel incision carries a higher risk of CSE than the vertical midline incision. Thorough cleaning at the conclusion of CS, particularly of both corner sites of the adipose layer and the fascia layer, is strongly recommended for CSE prevention. Further studies might provide additional recommendations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cesarean scar endometriosis: presentation of 198 cases and literature review

et al. 2019

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“…Despite the fact that scar endometriosis may be visible after caesarean surgical procedures, it may also develop after hysterectomy, hysterotomy, tubal surgeries, appendectomy, trocar-site, amniocentesis, and episiotomy. [11][12][13] There have been many theories put forward in terms of its etiopathogenesis. Scar endometriosis is popular to be formed through the iatrogenic dispersion of endometrial cells at some point of surgical operation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,6 Even though scar endometriosis might also occur months and even years after gynaecologic surgical procedure, the average duration of occurrence is 30 months. 13 The incidence following caesarean section the incidence is 0.4-0.04%. 17,18 The usual clinical presentation is a painful nodule with a history of gynaecological or obstetrical surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report on an enigma of caesarean section: ‘scar endometriosis’

Singh

2021

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Endometriosis is described as a disease in which functional endometrial glands and stroma that commonly lines the uterus grows outdoor the uterus. The resulting cystic or solid tumoral masses due to endometriosis are named as endometrioma. They're normally seen within the ligaments of uterus, ovaries, pouch of Douglas and pelvic peritoneum however endometriosis has additionally been noted in nose, breast, lung, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, abdominal wall, however scar endometriomas are extremely uncommon and difficult to diagnose. This situation may be puzzled with different surgical conditions, however imaging strategies and FNAC can assist in diagnosing it better. Medical treatment is helpful in selected cases but wide excision is the treatment of choice.

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“…It can be seen in the lungs, liver, kidneys, ureters, central nervous system, abdominal scar tissues, and in the extremities, apart from in pelvic organs ( 2 , 4 ) . Even though scar endometriosis may occur months ( 11 ) and even years after gynecologic surgery, the mean occurrence period is 30 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-cesarean scar endometriosis

Dogan¹,

Tatar²,

Doğan³

et al. 2018

tjod

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Objective:Endometriosis is seen in women during their reproductive period, where stromal tissue and functional endometrial glands of the uterus are observed outside the uterine cavity. In this study, we aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of our patients who underwent surgery with scar endometriosis and to discuss the surgical results in light of the literature.Materials and Methods:A total of 24 patients who underwent surgery and diagnosed as having endometriosis as the result of a pathologic examination were retrospectively evaluated.Results:The mean age of the patients was 31 years. Thirteen presented to general surgery and 11 presented to gynecology outpatient clinics. The pain was cyclical in 19 patients. There was history of cesarean section in 9 patients, twice in 12, and 3 times in three patients. The mean diameter was 39.1 mm on ultrasound, and 37.5 mm on magnetic resonance imaging. Endometriosis was on the left side of the incisions in 13, whereas it was on the right in 11. The mean weight of the lesions was 61.6 grams.Conclusion:The occurrence of endometriosis is supported by the iatrogenic implantation theory. In the event of a mass in the abdominal wall, previous obstetric and gynecologic operations and a history of a painful mass during menstruation periods must be questioned. In the treatment of scar endometriosis, excision is required by obtaining secure margins. If diagnosis can be established preoperatively, unnecessary surgeries can prevented.

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Cesarean scar endometriosis: Presentation of eleven clinical cases and review of the literature

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Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Cesarean scar endometriosis: presentation of 198 cases and literature review

Cesarean scar endometriosis: presentation of 198 cases and literature review

Case report on an enigma of caesarean section: ‘scar endometriosis’

Post-cesarean scar endometriosis

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