Cervical metastases from squamous cell carcinoma of hard palate and maxillary alveolus: A retrospective study of 10 years

Abstract

SCC of hard palate and maxillary alveolus has nonnegligible incidences of both overall and occult metastasis, which were highly associated with pT classification. We recommend routine, synchronous elective neck dissection for T4 lesions, whereas observation is an alternative for T1 to T3 lesions.

Metastatic pattern in squamous cell carcinoma of the hard palate and maxillary alveolar ridge: clinical experience and review of the literature

“…To date, there are only a few retrospective studies considering a comparable clinical and radiological indication for END (Table 5). In the present study, the rate of END and TND is, besides the examination of Yang et al to our knowledge, one of the highest of recent studies specific for the maxillary carcinoma [19]. Our content survival rate might be explained by our high rate of END as it was similarly observed by Yang and Poeschl [19,20].…”

“…In the present study, the rate of END and TND is, besides the examination of Yang et al to our knowledge, one of the highest of recent studies specific for the maxillary carcinoma [19]. Our content survival rate might be explained by our high rate of END as it was similarly observed by Yang and Poeschl [19,20]. However, due to the study design by Poeschl et al with restriction to inclusion of cN0 patients, the general regional recurrence rate of 18% is comparable with the 14.6% of our study [20].…”

“…Similar to recent reports about the role of histologic risk factors [26], in our study, perineural or lymphovascular invasion was significantly associated with initial positive nodes. The rate of 13.3% of histopathological confirmed lymph node metastases recorded in the present study is below the listed range of 17-54% specifically mentioned for maxillary OSCC in related cohort studies [11,19,22,23,[27][28][29][30]. In 9.4% of patients with one-sided END (3/32), recurrent metastases occurred in the non-dissected side of the neck, that are assigned to initial clinical occult metastases by some authors and occur in 10-30% of the time [22,27,28,31], such as histopathological detected occult metastases after END [8,19,20,22,30] (Table 5).…”

“…Simental et al assumed this connection in 2 patients, where after lymph node metastases occurred, a local recurrence was diagnosed within months. Likewise, an influence of [8,19,22,23,27,[29][30][31]. Despite lack of evidence, a presentation of second primary tumors in dysplastic epithelial fields must be considered [35].…”

When should elective neck dissection be performed in maxillary gingival and alveolar squamous cell carcinoma with a cN0 neck? A systematic review

“…After the third round evaluation process applying the six criteria, 10 articles were found to be eligible for the final review. 1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The 15 articles that were excluded are listed in Table 1, with the reasons for their exclusion. 14-28 A flow diagram of the article selection process is presented in Fig.…”