Cervical Cytopathological Findings in Korean Women withChlamydia trachomatis,Mycoplasma hominis, andUreaplasma urealyticumInfections

Choi, Yuri; Roh, Jaesook

doi:10.1155/2014/756713

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In pregnant women, the prevalence of C. trachomatis has been reported from 1% in Saudi Arabia to 13.6% in Iraq (23)(24)(25)(26). In Iran, the isolation of C. trachomatis from various regions was reported to range from 2.9% to 13.7% (8,(27)(28)(29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Ureaplasma urealyticum Isolated From Vaginal Samples of Women in Kerman, Iran

Zahirnia

Mansouri

Saffari

et al. 2018

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background: Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Ureaplasma urealyticum are genital infectious agents that can be sexually transmitted. They are involved in many infections both in women and men and can also be the cause of abortion in women. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the aforementioned bacteria in pregnant women and those with abortion in Kerman, southeast of Iran. Totally, 200 vaginal specimens were taken from pregnant women (n = 76) and those with abortion (n = 124) and were investigated for chlamydial and mycoplasmal infections using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Methods: From December 2015 to December 2016, 200 women were enrolled in this study. Demographic and behavioral information were gathered for statistical analysis. The prevalence of bacteria was determined in the vaginal samples by PCR. Results: All the studied bacteria were more frequently isolated from women with abortion, that is, 34.6% versus 15.7% for U. urealyticum, 20.9% versus 17.1% for M. genitalium, and 15.3% versus 10.5% for C. trachomatis. However, only for U. urealyticum the difference was significant (P = 0.0006). Again, occurrence of co-infection was mostly detected in women with abortion, and co-infection of U. urealyticum and M. genitalium was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.03). Also, follow-up studies indicated the importance of U. urealyticum in adverse outcomes of pregnancy in this region. Thus, special attention should be paid to this infection during pregnancy. Conclusions: The present study showed a significantly high prevalence of U. urealyticum in women with abortion separately and also in combination with M. genitalium. Diagnostic tests are recommended to detect these bacteria in high-risk women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Ureaplasma urealyticum Isolated From Vaginal Samples of Women in Kerman, Iran

Zahirnia

Mansouri

Saffari

et al. 2018

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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“…Other agents are N. gonorrhoeae , HSV, TV, organisms of bacterial vaginosis, Mycoplasma hominis , Ureaplasma urealyticum , etc., Pap smear of 24% of the patients showed endocervicitis similar to a report from Korea. [ 16 ] The endocervicitis in 2% could be explained by the clinical diagnosis of herpes genitalis. The association of C. trachomatis infection with an increased number of histiocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and transformed lymphocytes and TV infection with increased lymphocytes has been reported in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Papanicolaou smear: A diagnostic aid in sexually transmitted infections

Jayapalan

2020

Indian J Sex Transm Dis

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Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health problem in developing countries, and treatment with the right medicine at the right time is necessary to reduce transmission and improve sexual and reproductive health. Laboratory diagnosis has undergone changes in the recent years. The new generation tests are not cost-effective in resource-poor settings. Papanicolaou smear (Pap smear) of the cervix is a simple, quick, and inexpensive screening procedure for cervical cancer that can also give a clue to the presence of STIs. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional design with fifty patients was conducted studied. The initial diagnosis based on clinical findings and routine laboratory results was compared with the final diagnosis incorporating Pap smear results. Results: The Pap smear was abnormal in 96%, and the abnormalities were koilocytosis (30%), endocervicitis (24%), Trichomonas vaginalis (16%), multinucleated giant cells (10%), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (10%), and clue cells (8%). Pap smear could diagnose an infection in 64%, of which 38% were asymptomatic. Clinical and Pap smear correlation was found only in 26% of the patients. Conclusion: Along with the conventional methods, Pap smear can be a valuable tool in diagnosing STIs. This can detect asymptomatic infections, not detected by conventional methods, thus preventing complications and further spread in the community. Asymptomatic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and trichomoniasis are the two STIs that can be easily detected by Pap smear. By detecting asymptomatic cervical HPV infection, the patients at risk for carcinoma of the cervix can be identified and referred to gynecology department for further management.

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“…This simple, rapid, readily accessible method is also known to provide clues in diagnosing STIs, with the associated inflammatory changes [28]. Several studies have been conducted to assess the utility of this method in CT diagnosis in the past [29][30][31][32][33][34]. Some studies have highlighted the association of cervical epithelial changes and cytological variations including increased histiocytes and transformed lymphocytes with CT infections, indicating Pap smears as screening tests [28,29].…”

Section: Cervical Cytologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infections in the era of genomic medicine

Shetty

Kouskouti

Schoen³

et al. 2021

Braz J Microbiol

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Purpose Chlamydial genital infections constitute significant sexually transmitted infections worldwide. The often asymptomatic status of C. trachomatis (CT) infections leads to an increased burden on human reproductive health, especially in middle- and low-income settings. Early detection and management of these infections could play a decisive role in controlling this public health burden. The objective of this review is to provide an insight into the evolution of diagnostic methods for CT infections through the development of new molecular technologies, emphasizing on -omics’ technologies and their significance as diagnostic tools both for effective patient management and control of disease transmission. Methods Narrative review of the diagnostic methodologies of CT infections and the impact of the introduction of -omics’ technologies on their diagnosis by review of the literature. Results Various methodologies are discussed with respect to working principles, required specifications, advantages, and disadvantages. Implementing the most accurate methods in diagnosis is highlighted as the cornerstone in managing CT infections. Conclusion Diagnostics based on -omics’ technologies are considered to be the most pertinent modalities in CT testing when compared to other available methods. There is a need to modify these effective and accurate diagnostic tools in order to render them more available and feasible in all settings, especially aiming on turning them to rapid point-of-care tests for effective patient management and disease control.

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Cervical Cytopathological Findings in Korean Women withChlamydia trachomatis,Mycoplasma hominis, andUreaplasma urealyticumInfections

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Ureaplasma urealyticum Isolated From Vaginal Samples of Women in Kerman, Iran

Frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Ureaplasma urealyticum Isolated From Vaginal Samples of Women in Kerman, Iran

Papanicolaou smear: A diagnostic aid in sexually transmitted infections

Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infections in the era of genomic medicine

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