Cervical cancer vaccines: Emerging concepts and developments

Silva, Diane M. Da; Eiben, Gretchen L.; Fausch, Steven C.; Wakabayashi, Mark T.; Rudolf, Michael P.; Velders, Markwin P.; Kast, W. Martin

doi:10.1002/1097-4652(200102)186:2<169::aid-jcp1023>3.3.co;2-8

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Recently, interest in multiple HPV infections has increased because of the advent of anti‐HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18 vaccines (15). It is possible that the decrease in the prevalence and incidence of the target HPV types of these vaccines could affect the distribution of infection with other types of HPV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes in cytologic abnormalities from unvaccinated women living in north-western Spain

Otero-Motta

Ordóñez

González-Celador

et al. 2011

Apmis

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Cervical cancer and its precursors low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) are associated with infection by human papillomavirus (HPV), in particular HPV 16 and 18. The distribution of the HPV genotype varies with the severity of cervical disease, age and the geographic location of the patients. We report the results of a population study carried out in a region of north-western (NW) Spain aimed at determining the prevalence of single and multiple infections by 35 types of HPV using low-density microarrays for 113 cases with negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancies; 588 with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS)/LSIL; 183 with HSIL; and seven cases of squamous cell carcinomas. Of the 891 patients analysed, 50.2% had single infections and 49.8% had multiple HPV infections. In women aged below 30 years, there was a predominance of multiple infections (p = 0.027). ASCUS/LSIL was associated with multiple and HSIL with single infections (p = 0.025). We observed significant increases in the percentage of infections due to a high-risk (HR) type of HPV when the severity of the cytological lesion increased (p = 0.001). No relationship was found between greater aggressiveness in the cytological diagnosis and a higher number of HPV types involved in multiple infections. The five most frequent genotypes were HPV 16 (26.3%), 53 (18.2%), 51 (17.3%), 6 (14.8%) and 66 (13.1%). The prevalence of HPV 16, 33 and 58 increased significantly from ACUS/LSIL to HSIL and the prevalence of HPV 51, 53 and 66 decreased. HPV 16 was the only genotype that showed a significant increase in prevalence when the severity of the cytological disease increased in single infections (p = 0.0001). The implementation of bivalent prophylactic vaccination could potentially lead to prevention in 32% of the population included in the study - in at least a quarter of patients with ACUS/LSIL (26.7%), and in half of HSIL (50.2%).

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes in cytologic abnormalities from unvaccinated women living in north-western Spain

Otero-Motta

Ordóñez

González-Celador

et al. 2011

Apmis

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“…Similarly, chimpanzees immunized with VLPs derived from low risk and high risk HPVs develop neutralizing antibodies, which persist at least 30 weeks after the final immunization 5 . The potent immunogenicity of VLPs is likely caused by their ability to induce acute activation of dendritic cells and physically interact with dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells 6,7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of immune responses against human papillomaviruses by hypervariable epitope constructs

et al. 2004

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SUMMARYAn ideal prophylactic vaccine against human papillomaviruses (HPV) would be one that can induce broadly reactive antibody titres to at least the major oncogenic strains of HPV. It has been previously shown that HPV structural proteins are highly immunogenic but fail to elicit cross-reactive immune responses against heterologous strains of HPV. Recent studies have demonstrated that the immunity induced by virus-like particles is mostly type specific. In the present study, we determined the breadth of reactivity of antibodies induced in mice immunized with hypervariable epitope constructs (HECs), which represent sequence variants of immunodominant B-cell epitopes of the major capsid protein L1 of HPV. In order to test the breadth of reactivity, sera from immunized mice were tested against peptides representing analogous sequences of HPV types 16, 18, 31 and 45. Mice immunized with HECs based on two epitopes mounted antibody responses that cross-reacted with two different analogues, 16 and 18. Significantly, antibodies from mice immunized with HECs also inhibited haemagglutination mediated by HPV-16 L1 VLPs, suggesting that immunization resulted in the development of antibodies that could bind to viral capsid proteins in their native conformation. Our observations suggest that HECs may overcome the restriction of type specific immunity against HPV.

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“…There are ≤ 85 known genotypes [1], of which ~ 30 genotypes are mucosotropic, sexually transmitted and responsible for a variety of pathologic conditions [2]. For example, there are the so-called high-risk HPV types (HPV16, 18,31,33,45 and others), which are linked to the development of pre-malignant cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) [3] and cervical carcinomas [4]. Indeed, there is overwhelming evidence that high-risk HPV is a necessary cause of cervical cancer [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comprehensive summaries of HPV prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine research have been published recently [17][18][19][20]. Although advances have been made, prophylactic vaccine approaches will not be discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic vaccination for the treatment of mucosotropic human papillomavirus-associated disease

Chu¹

2003

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy

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There is a high prevalence of diseases caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Unfortunately, current treatments are inadequate. However, because there is evidence to support a role for the immune system in host defence against this virus, an immunotherapeutic approach is warranted. The existing immunotherapies are not completely effective, nor are they durable. In addition, natural history studies associated with spontaneous regression have provided little guidance to the design of successful interventions. This state of knowledge has encouraged efforts towards the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies. Successful preclinical studies of therapeutic vaccine candidates have led to clinical studies for a variety of HPV-associated indications, such as anogenital warts and cervical and anal intraepithelial neoplasia. Immunisation approaches such as adjuvanted peptides, virus-like particles and fusion constructs are discussed. Specifically, chimaeric molecules comprised of mycobacterial heat-shock proteins (Hsps) and HPV16 E7 appear promising.

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Cervical cancer vaccines: Emerging concepts and developments

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes in cytologic abnormalities from unvaccinated women living in north-western Spain

Prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes in cytologic abnormalities from unvaccinated women living in north-western Spain

Induction of immune responses against human papillomaviruses by hypervariable epitope constructs

Therapeutic vaccination for the treatment of mucosotropic human papillomavirus-associated disease

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