Cervical Cancer Screening Adherence among HIV-Positive Female Smokers from a Comprehensive HIV Clinic

Fletcher, Faith E.; Vidrine, Damon J.; Tamí-Maury, Irene; Danysh, Heather E.; King, Rachel Marks; Buchberg, Meredith; Arduino, Roberto C.; Gritz, Ellen R.

doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0480-6

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…In view of an increased risk of malignancy, current guidelines recommend that HIV-infected women should undergo cervical cytological screening at least twice a year following an initial HIV diagnosis. In the event that both tests are normal, then annual screening needs to be conducted [8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Pap Smears in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women from a Tertiary Care Center in South India

et al. 2019

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Objectives: The aim of this work was to study the spectrum of epithelial abnormalities on Pap smears of HIV-positive women categorized as per the Bethesda System of Reporting Cervical Cytology, to correlate them with CD4 lymphocyte counts, and to compare them with the spectrum of abnormalities seen in a HIV-negative control group. Study Design and Methodology: The present study was a 6-year retrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology at Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, which included 150 Pap smears from HIV-positive and HIV-negative women, respectively. The Pap-stained slides of the cases were retrieved and studied. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed. A statistical study was performed using SPSS software. The χ² test was used to analyze the data and a p value < 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: Pap smear abnormalities were twice as high in HIV-infected women (12%) as compared with HIV-negative women (6%; p = 0.006, RR = 2). Negative for intraepithelial lesion/malignancy was the most common finding (88%), which was further subdivided into inflammatory, atrophic smear, non-specific, candidiasis, and bacterial vaginitis groups. The percentage of epithelial abnormalities was 12%, including: atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, 5.55%; atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude HSIL, 16.66%; low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 5.55%; high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 61.11%, and squamous cell carcinoma, 11.11%. The highest incidence of intraepithelial lesions in HIV-positive females was in the age group of 34–49 years. CD4 cell counts fell in the range of 200–500 cells/mm³ in most of the HIV-positive patients (68.75%), but was not found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Routine Pap smear examination is advocated in women with HIV as the prevalence of epithelial cell abnormalities was found to be 12%, which was twice as high as compared to the HIV-negative control group. Although there was no correlation of epithelial cell abnormalities with CD4 counts, a higher rate of the cases with epithelial abnormalities were observed to have CD4 cell counts of 200–500 cells/mm³.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Pap Smears in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women from a Tertiary Care Center in South India

et al. 2019

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“…However, African American women living with HIV disease are less likely to adhere to the recommended screening intervals and follow-up on abnormal Pap test results. [25][26][27][28] Research suggests that factors such as older age, low educational attainment, lack of financial resources, and tobacco use are associated with lower cervical cancer screening among HIV-infected African American women. 25,[29][30][31] Studies have shown that the sociocultural environment influences the knowledge, beliefs, and values that influence decision-making associated with health behaviors such as participation in cervical cancer screening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Sociocultural Factors Associated with Cervical Cancer Screening Among HIV-Infected African American Women in Alabama

Williams

Moneyham

Kempf

et al. 2015

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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African American women have disproportionately high prevalence rates of HIV and cervical cancer. HIVinfected women are significantly less likely to obtain recommended cervical cancer screenings than HIVuninfected women. The purpose of this study was to examine sociocultural and structural factors associated with cervical cancer screening among HIV-infected African American in Alabama. The PEN-3 Model and the Health Belief Model were used as theoretical frameworks. In-depth interviews were conducted with twenty HIV-infected African American women to identify perceptions, enablers, and nurturers, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and perceived benefits related to cervical cancer and screening. The most common positive perceptions, enablers, and nurturers that contributed to cervical cancer screening included internal motivation and awareness of the importance of HIV-infected women getting Pap tests due to their weakened immune system. Negative perceptions, enablers, and nurturers included lack of knowledge about cervical cancer and screening, and lack of perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer. The results of this study can be used to guide the development of culturally relevant cervical cancer and screening education interventions aimed at increasing cervical cancer screening adherence among HIV-infected African American women.

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“…The integrated use of HPV testing remains controversial, and should not be used in women with abnormal pap tests. Participation in cervical cancer screening programs is low in HIV infected patients with low educational level, depressive symptoms, substance abuse, younger age and smoking, and efforts to increase screening are required 162 .…”

Section: Cancer Prevention Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer prevention in HIV-infected populations

Gonçalves

Montezuma-Rusca

Yarchoan

et al. 2016

Seminars in Oncology

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People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are living longer since the advent of effective combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). While cART substantially decreases the risk of developing some cancers, HIV-infected individuals remain at high risk for Kaposi sarcoma, lymphoma and several solid tumors. Currently HIV-infected patients represent an aging group, and malignancies have become a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Tailored cancer-prevention strategies are needed for this population. In this review we describe the etiologic agents and pathogenesis of common malignancies in the setting of HIV, as well as current evidence for cancer prevention strategies and screening programs.

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Cervical Cancer Screening Adherence among HIV-Positive Female Smokers from a Comprehensive HIV Clinic

Cited by 22 publications

References 76 publications

A Study of Pap Smears in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women from a Tertiary Care Center in South India

A Study of Pap Smears in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women from a Tertiary Care Center in South India

Structural and Sociocultural Factors Associated with Cervical Cancer Screening Among HIV-Infected African American Women in Alabama

Cancer prevention in HIV-infected populations

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