Certain Rare Earths in Purified Thorium and Uranium Preparations.  Chemical Isolation and Spectrographic Determination

Feldman, Cyrus; Ellenburg, J. Y.

doi:10.1021/ac60135a030

Cited by 37 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A rotating platform technique was used ( 16) and graphite electrodes (United Carbon Co., Ultra High Purity, No. 106 or 1907) treated with 2% plicene (4) to prevent seepage of the sample into the graphite were used as platform electrodes. Ten microliters of 4% Photo Flo (Eastman Kodak Co., Ltd.) was added to 1 ml.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Calcium, Magnesium, Copper, and Zinc in Red Blood Cells by Emission Spectrometry.

Valberg¹,

Holt²,

Szivek³

1964

Anal. Chem.

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b A method i s described for the determination of calcium, magnesium, zinc, and copper in red blood cells, the latter in a range of 0.1 to 3 pg. per gram.Blood collected carefully in plastic syringes fitted with stainless steel needles is centrifuged in the syringe to separate the blood cells.The red blood cells are ejected from the base of the syringe and ashed in platinum dishes at 450" C. The salts are converted to their chloride form and strontium i s added as the internal standard. The samples are applied to the surface of platform electrodes coated with plicene. The elements are determined by a direct reading emission spectrograph with a high voltage spark technique. The reproducibility o f the technique is of the order of 10%.Normal values for erythrocyte calcium, magnesium, zinc, and copper obtained with this technique are given and compared with values reported in the literature. HE GROWING INTEREST in the roleT of trace elements in metabolism and the production of disease requires methods for the measurement of metals at concentrations of a few parts per million that are both easy and precise. Emission spectrometry permits the simultaneous determination of many elements in tissues and the direct reading spectrograph shows promise of making this task less tedious and even more precise ( 7 ) . EXPERIMENTAL Instruments. A Jarrell Ash 3.4-meter Ebert mount spectrograph with direct reading attachment was used. Exit slits located on analytic lines for magnesium at 2852.1 A., copper a t 3247.5 A,, zinc at 3345.0 A., calcium at 4226.7 -4., and strontium at 4607.3 A,, were 86, 125, 88, 88, and 83.5 microns in width, respectively. Reagents and Chemicals.Ultrapure water was prepared from raw water by a system t h a t employed a still in combination with mixed-bed ion exchange resins ( 6 ) . The resistivity of the water was 10 X 106 ohms or greater. Hydrochloric acid was prepared from commercial anhydrous hydrogen chloride gas (81) and commercial sodium heparin was purified by extraction with dithizone (8). Spectrographically standardized pure salts obtained from Johnson and Matthey Co. Ltd., London, were used in the preparation of standard solutions.Cleaning of Apparatus. Glassware and polyethylene ware were cleaned in a dilute solution of detergent, placed in a 1 : 1 mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid for 8 to 12 hours and then rinsed thoroughly with ultra-pure water. Plastic syringes were dismantled, immersed for 24 hours in 1N sodium ethylene-diaminetetraacetate adjusted to p H 11 with sodium hydroxide and then rinsed thoroughly with ultra-pure water. Platinum crucibles were cleaned with sodium bisulfate and by immersion in boiling nitric acid (21).Preparation of Samples. With a 30-ml. plastic syringe (Stylex Syringe, J. F. Hartz Co., Toronto, Ont.) fitted with a stainless steel needle (Becton, Dickinson Co. Ltd., Toronto, Ont.) blood was taken from patients after an overnight fast. Purified heparin (0.1 mg.) was placed in each syringe before the blood was drawn to prevent coagul...

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confidence: 99%

Determination of Calcium, Magnesium, Copper, and Zinc in Red Blood Cells by Emission Spectrometry.

Valberg¹,

Holt²,

Szivek³

1964

Anal. Chem.

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“…Mg» 0.15 " Chemical. 6 Spectrographic (semiquantitative). Many radioactive mineral occurrences in Canada consist basically of niobium-tantalum ores, containing minerals of the pyrochlore and samarskite series.…”

Section: This Established That Conversion Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present work, a technique has been evolved whereby the only losses are those resulting from volatilization and they are of the same order as in other procedures (6,12,22) (however, the solvent extraction procedures cited deal with microgram amounts of the rare earths, so that it is not strictly fair to compare the losses experienced with those found here).…”

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confidence: 92%

Isolation of Rare Earth Elements. Chlorination-Volatilization Procedure

Zimmerman¹,

Ingles²

1960

Anal. Chem.

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“…3J. All spectrographic procedures suitable for determining microgram quantities of rare earths in uranium use a preliminary separation and enrichment of the impurities by extraction or ion exchange [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Although it was considered impossible to obtain the sensitivity desired for atomic purposes (10-5 %) by direct analysis, it seemed worthwhile to investigate the possible limits of detection which could be obtained in the presence of uranium.…”

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confidence: 99%

Direct Spectrochemical Determination of Some Rare Earth Elements in Uranium

Schoenfeld

1964

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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ABS'mACTA spectrochemical analysis of uranium for samarium and europium, without prior separation is presented. The method is based on excitation of uranium in the chloride form with potassium chloride as buffer and by use of 4A DC-arc excitation. Under these conditions it is possible to overcome the difficulties arising from the complex spectrum and heavy background of uranium. The limits of detection for europium and samarium are 5 and 20 ppm, respectively: the coefficient of variation for Eu and Sm Is about 25" for a single determination. The Visually established limIt of detection for gadolinium and dysprosium Is 50 ppm.

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Certain Rare Earths in Purified Thorium and Uranium Preparations. Chemical Isolation and Spectrographic Determination

Abstract: amounts of the insoluble ruthenium trichloride were not successful. Platinum was successfully chlorinated and recovered in chlorinations under the conditions found optimum for ruthenium.

Cited by 37 publications

References 9 publications

Determination of Calcium, Magnesium, Copper, and Zinc in Red Blood Cells by Emission Spectrometry.

Determination of Calcium, Magnesium, Copper, and Zinc in Red Blood Cells by Emission Spectrometry.

Isolation of Rare Earth Elements. Chlorination-Volatilization Procedure

Direct Spectrochemical Determination of Some Rare Earth Elements in Uranium

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