Cerebrospinal fluid changes in cattle with rabies or with BoHV-5 meningoencephalitis and its correlation with the severity of CNS inflammatory process

Queiroz, Gustavo Rodrigues; Pereira, Priscilla Fajardo Valente; Flaiban, Karina Keller Marques da Costa; Santis, Giovana Wingeter Di; Alfieri, Amauri Alcindo; Lisbôa, Júlio Augusto Naylor

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.03.015

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Herein, CSF analysis varied from unchanged (Case 12) to a marked mononuclear pleocytosis (304 leukocytes/µL) (Case 13). CSF results in BoHV-5 meningoencephalitis are well correlated with the intensity and severity of the inflammatory process in the CNS (Queiroz et al 2018), which agreed with the clinical evolution and pathological findings in our cases.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Recently, a study evaluating 17 rabid cattle concluded that CSF may not change or may exhibit discrete mononuclear pleocytosis and/or mildly elevated protein within the CSF (Queiroz et al 2018). Our results reinforce the wide variation of CSF findings reported in rabid ruminants (Queiroz et al 2018), and reiterate the difficulty of ante mortem diagnosis of this condition. We reinforce rabies zoonotic potential, and suspected cases should be isolated and contact kept to a minimum with only vaccinated humans.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Herd management included semiannual deworming and vaccination against foot and mouth disease, rabies, and clostridiosis. Epidemiological background and pathological features are essential for differential diagnosis of BoHV-5 meningoencephalitis vs. rabies, since CSF results may be similar (Lisbôa et al 2009, Isernhagen et al 2011, Queiroz et al 2018. Herein, CSF analysis varied from unchanged (Case 12) to a marked mononuclear pleocytosis (304 leukocytes/µL) (Case 13).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Despite few reports on CSF findings in rabid ruminants, when mononuclear pleocytosis (mainly lymphocytic) is present, CSF analysis presents as an important ancillary tool for diagnosis and allows exclusion of potential CNS bacterial infections that cause similar neurological signs (Moreira et al 2018), since this finding is typically associated to viral infections (Stokol et al 2009). Recently, a study evaluating 17 rabid cattle concluded that CSF may not change or may exhibit discrete mononuclear pleocytosis and/or mildly elevated protein within the CSF (Queiroz et al 2018). Our results reinforce the wide variation of CSF findings reported in rabid ruminants (Queiroz et al 2018), and reiterate the difficulty of ante mortem diagnosis of this condition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite its importance as a tool to aid diagnosis, data regarding CSF examinations in spontaneous cases of CNS diseases in ruminants from Brazil are limited (Lisbôa et al 1996, Della Libera et al 2004, Câmara et al 2009, 2014a, 2014b, 2014c, Queiroz et al 2018, Moreira et al 2018, and most reports involve experimental studies (Lisbôa et al 2009, Cunha et al 2011, Isernhagen et al 2011. Therefore, this study aimed to report the results of CSF analysis in 58 ruminants showing signs of neurological disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 58 ruminants showing neurological disorders

et al. 2020

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Ruminants may be affected by a wide variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis forms the basis for ante mortem diagnostic evaluation of ruminants with clinical signs involving the CNS. Despite its importance as a tool to aid diagnosis, data regarding CSF examinations in spontaneous cases of CNS diseases in ruminants from Brazil are limited, and most reports involve experimental studies. Therefore, this study aimed to report the results of CSF analysis in 58 ruminants showing signs of neurological disorders. CSF samples for analysis were obtained from 32 cattle, 20 sheep, and 6 goats by cerebello-medullary cistern (n=54) or lumbosacral space (n=4) puncture. These ruminants showed neurological signs related to viral (n=13), mycotic (n=3), or bacterial (n=15) infections, and toxic (n=21), traumatic (n=4), or congenital disorders (n=2). CSF analysis from ruminants with viral infections presented lymphocytic pleocytosis, even though CSF showed no changes in several cases of rabies. Neutrophilic pleocytosis, cloudiness, presence of fibrin clots, and abnormal coloration were evident in the CSF of most cases of CNS bacterial infection, such as meningoencephalitis, meningitis, abscesses, myelitis, and a case of conidiobolomycosis. On the other hand, CSF was unchanged in most cases of toxic disorders, as botulism and hepatic encephalopathy. Elevated CSF density was observed in 60% of ruminants diagnosed with polioencephalomalacia. Our findings show that evaluation of CSF is a valuable diagnostic tool when used in association with epidemiological, clinical and pathological findings for diagnosis of CNS diseases in ruminants.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%