Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

Baduro, Yanina; Ferro, José M.

doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105712

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Among those studies in which patients were tested for thrombophilia, few reported whether the entire sample was tested or whether there was overlap between thrombophilia types ( 10 , 15 , 18 , 21 , 22 ). In low- and middle-income regions, ENT infections seem to have high prevalence rates ( 7 ), a fact also observed in this study. Thus, socioeconomic factors may be involved.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Papilledema is an important sign of intracranial hypertension, being present in 40% of patients, an even higher rate in relation to the International Study on Cerebral Vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis (ISCVT) ( 1 ). This demonstrates not only the importance of the ophthalmological examination in CVT, due to its low cost and capacity to identify this important clinical sign of intracranial hypertension, but more importantly a possible delay in the diagnosis of these patients, as the appearance of papilledema usually occurs after other manifestations of CVT ( 7 ). It is worth mentioning that the studies did not detail the time until the diagnosis of CVT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, this review is essential due to its possibility of revealing mild patterns and initial presentations of the disease that can contribute to the discussion about delays in its diagnosis. The recognition of these specific patterns by healthcare professionals can reduce the impact of CVT and its complications ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebral venous thrombosis in Latin America: A critical review of risk factors, clinical and radiological characteristics

Santos-Bezerra

Cavalcante²,

Matos-Neto³

et al. 2022

Front. Neurol.

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BackgroundCerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare disease that frequently occurs in young women of childbearing age, with variable clinical presentation in regions with limited access to diagnostic imaging or specialized neurological care. In the last decade, there has been an increase in the number of studies on CVT in Latin America, which may contribute to a better epidemiological description of the disease in this region and, consequently, its early diagnosis.ObjectivesOur study aims to review the risk factors, clinical and radiological characteristics of CVT in Latin America, being critically compared with data from world literature.MethodsPubMed, ScienceDirect, BVS, and Scopus were searched to identify studies reporting CVT in Latin American countries published up to July 2022. We excluded case reports and case series reporting <5 patients later in the final analysis.ResultsWe identified a total of 3714 studies and 26 qualified for the quantitative analysis, which described 1486 cases of CVT. Headache was the most frequent symptom (82.1%) and the use of oral contraceptives in women was the main risk factor (46.7%). The transverse sinus was the most frequent location of the thrombus (52%). The treatment used most in the acute phase was heparin (88.5%) and oral anticoagulation was widely used at hospital discharge (67.8%). The mortality was low (6.5%), and most patients achieved complete recovery (75.3%).ConclusionDespite considerable dissimilarities in studies between countries, particularities were identified in the risk factors of CVT in Latin America compared to other regions of the world.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebral venous thrombosis in Latin America: A critical review of risk factors, clinical and radiological characteristics

Santos-Bezerra

Cavalcante²,

Matos-Neto³

et al. 2022

Front. Neurol.

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“…2 The epidemiology, management, and prognosis of other CVDs such as cerebral aneurysms, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral venous thrombosis, and others are poorly understood and are also seldom reported in Africa. 3,4 To date, most of the data have been gleaned from modeling studies. The paucity of data raises questions about the epidemiology and management of CVDs in Africa.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Letter: The State of Cerebrovascular Care in Africa

Tenkorang

Awuah

et al. 2023

Neurosurgery

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Cerebral venous thrombosis: a practical review

Borhani-Haghighi,

Hooshmandi

2023

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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The evolution of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 pandemic and its vaccination raised more attention to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Although CVT is less prevalent than arterial stroke, it results in larger years of life lost. CVT is more common in women and young patients. Predisposing factors are categorized as transient factors such as pregnancy, puerperium, oral contraceptive pills, trauma, and dehydration; and permanent factors such as neoplastic, vasculitic, thrombophilic, hematologic conditions, infectious causes such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection and HIV. The most common manifestations are headache, seizures, focal neurologic deficits, altered level of consciousness, and cranial nerve palsies. The most common syndromes are stroke-like, raised-intracranial-pressure (ICP), isolated-headache, and encephalopathy, which may have overlaps. Diagnosis is mostly based on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and their respective venous sequences, supported by blood results abnormalities such as D-dimer elevation. Treatment includes the prevention of propagation of current thrombus with anticoagulation (heparin, or low molecular weight heparinoids and then warfarin, or direct oral anticoagulants), decreasing ICP (even by decompressive craniotomy), and treatment of specific underlying diseases.

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Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Cerebral venous thrombosis in Latin America: A critical review of risk factors, clinical and radiological characteristics

Cerebral venous thrombosis in Latin America: A critical review of risk factors, clinical and radiological characteristics

Letter: The State of Cerebrovascular Care in Africa

Cerebral venous thrombosis: a practical review

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