Cerebral lateralization

Meador, Kimford J.; Loring, David W.; Lee, K.; Hughes, Mary Alayne; Lee, G.; Nichols, Martha; Heilman, Kenneth M.

doi:10.1212/wnl.53.9.2028

Cited by 54 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…38,39 An alternative explanation would be that acquisition of motor skills is not highly associated with language function, with the result that literacy does not affect it. 40,41 The recognition part of the verbal learning test did not show significant differences between the two groups. However, the raw test scores showed better performance in the literate group and we suspect that the small number of recruits caused the insignificant result.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effect of Illiteracy on Cognition and Cerebral Morphology in Later Life

Kwon

Yoon

2015

Dement Neurocognitive Disord

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Background and Purpose A better developmental environment has positive effects on brain development. The acquisition of literacy during childhood may affect brain functional organization. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of illiteracy on neuropsychological test results and cerebral morphology in later life. Methods We recruited 7 illiterate elderly farmers who had never attended school and had no reading or writing knowledge. These subjects were compared with 9 literate subjects in terms of neuropsychological performance and brain volume. All subjects were over 65-years-old and had the same regional and occupational background. Results Neuropsychological tests indicated that the performance of the illiterate subjects was worse than that of literate subjects in all cognitive domains except forward digit span, tool-use and tool-free gestures, verbal word recognition, and verbal generation of animals and grocery items. The illiterate group also showed significantly decreased cortical volume and surface area in both parietal lobes. However, the illiterate group showed increased cortical thickness in the left cuneus. Conclusions Literacy acquired in childhood may increase the volume of the parietal lobe and improve neuropsychological performance through the process of brain plasticity. The effects can be lifelong.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effect of Illiteracy on Cognition and Cerebral Morphology in Later Life

Kwon

Yoon

2015

Dement Neurocognitive Disord

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“…In sum, while cases of atypical cerebral dominance for praxis and language have been described in the neuropsychological literature [138,139], it remains that aphasia and apraxia are both caused by left hemispheric lesions in the vast majority of patients [48,71]. With respect to the evolutionary hypotheses outlined in the introduction, it is interesting that the cerebral lateralization for praxis is more strongly linked to the dominance for language than to manual preference [138,140,141]. This might be due to the necessary interactions between praxic representations and other linguistic-related processes, such as semantics and conceptual knowledge [26,76].…”

Section: Common Resources For Praxis and Languagementioning

confidence: 99%

A neuropsychological perspective on the link between language and praxis in modern humans

Roby-Brami

Hermsdörfer

Roy

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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6University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, FranceHypotheses about the emergence of human cognitive abilities postulate strong evolutionary links between language and praxis, including the possibility that language was originally gestural. The present review considers functional and neuroanatomical links between language and praxis in brain-damaged patients with aphasia and/or apraxia. The neural systems supporting these functions are predominantly located in the left hemisphere. There are many parallels between action and language for recognition, imitation and gestural communication suggesting that they rely partially on large, common networks, differentially recruited depending on the nature of the task. However, this relationship is not unequivocal and the production and understanding of gestural communication are dependent on the context in apraxic patients and remains to be clarified in aphasic patients. The phonological, semantic and syntactic levels of language seem to share some common cognitive resources with the praxic system. In conclusion, neuropsychological observations do not allow support or rejection of the hypothesis that gestural communication may have constituted an evolutionary link between tool use and language. Rather they suggest that the complexity of human behaviour is based on large interconnected networks and on the evolution of specific properties within strategic areas of the left cerebral hemisphere.

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“…In left-handed subjects, brain regions supporting limb praxis may be localised in the right hemisphere, and those supporting speech and language in the left hemisphere (Heilman, Coyle, Gonyea, & Geschwind, 1973;Valenstein & Heilman, 1979), although left hemisphere dominance for skilled praxis may occur even in left-handers (see , for further discussion). Indeed, Meador et al (1999) demonstrated that the link between language and praxis is different from the link between hand preference and language. Their participants were patients with intractable seizures undergoing the intracarotid amobarbital procedure (IAP) as part of their preoperative evaluation for epilepsy surgery, and the study included patients with atypical cerebral language dominance, i.e., those with bilateral or right hemispheric language function.…”

Section: Lateralisation Brieflymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aphasia, apraxia and the evolution of the language-ready brain

Arbib

2006

Aphasiology

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Background: The Mirror System Hypothesis offers the mirror system for grasping (i.e., neural mechanisms active for both execution and observation of grasping) as a neural ''missing link'' between the brains of our non-human ancestors of 20 million years ago and the modern human language-ready brain, stressing the importance of manual gesture in the evolution of mechanisms supporting language. Aims: To assess the view that neural mechanisms for both praxis and language share an evolutionary relationship to the ancestral mirror system for grasping. Main Contribution: The praxis system receives a new analysis based on the attempt to link human praxis to computational models of execution and observation of grasping in the macaque as well as the analysis of parallels between language and praxis. Conclusions: The conceptual analysis presented here may prove insightful for clinicians seeking to relate and differentiate aphasia and apraxia.

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Cerebral lateralization

Cited by 54 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of Illiteracy on Cognition and Cerebral Morphology in Later Life

Effect of Illiteracy on Cognition and Cerebral Morphology in Later Life

A neuropsychological perspective on the link between language and praxis in modern humans

Aphasia, apraxia and the evolution of the language-ready brain

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