Cereal Vinegar Sediment Alleviates Spontaneous Ulcerative Colitis in Il‐10 Deficient Mice

Abstract

Scope Cereal vinegar sediment (CVS) is precipitation generated during the preservation of vinegar. It has various functions such as anti‐inflammatory, anti‐tumor, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic. This study evaluates the effects of CVS on spontaneous colitis in Il‐10−/− mice. Methods and Results CVS (1 g kg−1 body weight) is administered to mice for 42 days. CVS alleviated epithelium damage, inhibited myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level, decreased gene expression of tumor necrosis factor (Tnf )‐a, inducible nitric oxide synthase (Inos), Interleukin(Il‐23) in colon tissues is found. CVS also inhibited secretion of IL‐2, IL‐6, IL‐13, Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF), granulocyte macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GMCSF), Interferon (IFN)‐γ, and Regulated upon Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Presumably Secreted (RANTES) in serum. While CVS enhanced Regenerating Family Member 3 Gamma (Reg3γ), Mucin (Muc2, Muc3, and Muc4 gene expression, promoted intestinal epithelial cells to secrete Muc‐2, and increased the content of acetic acid in intestinal tract of Il‐10−/− mice. Additionally, CVS altered the composition of the gut microbiota by promoting the abundance of Akkermansia, Alistipes, and Lactobacillus, while inhibiting Desulfovibrio and Clostridium sensu stricto 1. These changes may be related to the regulation of steroid, fatty acids, and bile acid biosynthesis. Conclusion This study demonstrated that CVS ameliorates spontaneous ulcerative colitis in Il‐10−/− mice, which suggests CVS supplementation may serve as a protective dietary nutrient against colitis.

Anti-inflammatory probiotics HF05 and HF06 synergistically alleviate ulcerative colitis and secondary liver injury

“…Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 is a potential harmful bacterium, which was significantly increased in the DSS group. 52 Yi et al demonstrated a significant association between the relative abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and colon inflammation, as well as the intestinal barrier damage. 53 Corynebacterium , as a genus of Actinobacteria, is widely acknowledged as a significant primary and opportunistic pathogen, with the capacity to induce diarrhea attributed to its toxin-producing capability.…”

Desulfovibrio in the Gut: The Enemy within?

“…This is exemplified by an animal study wherein prenatal maternal stress led to worse colitis in the offspring, which was also associated with DSV bloom in the offspring [ 37 ]. Interventions used to decrease the severity of IBD also reduced DSV bloom [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Similarly, use of probiotics in the context of disease has a protective effect that is likely attributable to their competition or inhibition of DSV [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Hepatoprotective Effect of Cereal Vinegar Sediment in Acute Liver Injury Mice and Its Influence on Gut Microbiota

“…For each group, mice were equally divided into two cages at the beginning of the experiment, the concrete treatment was shown in Figure 1. About 1.4 g/kg dose of CVS was determined as highdose CVS and 0.7 g/kg dose of CVS was determined as lowdose CVS according to the Kurozu dose (25) combined with our preliminary results (26). The CCl 4 -induced hepatic injury model was based on Taniguchi et al (27); in our experiment, each hepatic injury model mouse was injected with 0.4 g/kg 40% CCl 4 olive oil solution once (Figure 1).…”