Cephalopelvic disproportion is associated with an altered uterine contraction shape in the active phase of labor

Testing the assumptions of an indicator of unmet need for obstetric surgery in Ghana: A cross‐sectional study of linked hospital and population‐based delivery data

“…Indeed, major cephalopelvic disproportion is notoriously difficult to diagnose: There is no gold standard diagnosis and misclassification is common, even in high‐income countries . Doctors are known to overestimate the severity of cesarean indications in various settings, including in countries with low population‐based cesarean rates .…”

Study of correlation between maternal fatigue and uterine contraction pattern in the active phase of labour

“…Studies conducted to investigate the pattern of uterine contractions have shown that the length of time a contraction takes to return from its peak to its baseline (the fall time) in relation to its time to reach its peak (the rise time) was longer in abnormal labours than in normal deliveries (Driggers et al. 2001, Althaus et al. 2006).…”

“…2006). Researchers found that the mean F / R ratio was 1·77 in the CS group and 1·55 in the vaginal delivery group, indicating that the women who had CS delivery, the time of return from peak to baseline was longer for each contraction (Althaus et al. 2006).…”

On Electronic Fetal Monitoring Revisited

“…Fetal heart rate changes detected by EFM are not just limited to hypoxia, acidosis, and asphyxia; FHR changes and uterine contraction waveforms are also related to cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD), and these changes portend mechanical dystocia. Electronic fetal monitoring findings related to CPD include skewed contractions, early decelerations, and/or V‐shaped variable decelerations (Althaus et al, 2006; Murray, Huelsmann, & Koperski, 2011). When these findings exist with uterine tachysystole, the fetus is at risk for severe brain compression that can result in ischemic encephalopathy.…”