Centralized-Light-Source Two-Way PAM8/PAM4 FSO Communications With Parallel Optical Injection Locking Operation

Tsai, Wen-Shing; Lu, Hai‐Han; Su, Chung-Yen; Wang, Zhen-Han; Li, Chung-Yi

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2906690

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Our previous study demonstrated a centralized-lightsource two-way PAM8/PAM4 FSO communication based on parallel optical injection locking technique [15]. However, the free-space transmission rate of 84 Gb/s (downstream)/45 Gb/s (upstream) and the free-space transmission distance of 200 m are considerably lower than those of 448 Gb/s and 600 m adopted in this demonstrated FSO communication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A 448-Gb/s PAM4 FSO Communication With Polarization-Multiplexing Injection-Locked VCSELs Through 600 M Free-Space Link

Tsai

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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A 448-Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) free-space optical (FSO) communication through 600 m free-space link was constructed, utilizing polarization-multiplexing injection-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) for presentation. When uniting fourwavelength polarization-multiplexing and PAM4 modulation schemes, the transmission capacity of FSO communications is substantially multiplied, with an aggregate transmission rate of 448 Gb/s [56 Gb/s PAM4/wavelength × 4 wavelengths × 2 polarizations (x-and y-polarizations)]. The results show that four 1.55 µm VCSEL transmitters with injection locking technique are sufficiently powerful for 448 Gb/s PAM4 signal transmission. Adopting a tunable optical band-pass filter and a polarization beam splitter for wavelength filtering and polarization de-multiplexing, the polarized wavelengths are effectually filtered and de-multiplexed in each polarized state. As the polarization state is well preserved in the scenario over 600 m free-space transmission, a sophisticated polarization tracker is not required in this proposed FSO communication. High bit error rate performance and accepted PAM4 eye diagrams are attained through 600 m free-space transmission. The four-wavelength polarization-multiplexing PAM4 FSO communication established here reveals the prominent benefits of high aggregate transmission capacity and long-distance free-space link.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A 448-Gb/s PAM4 FSO Communication With Polarization-Multiplexing Injection-Locked VCSELs Through 600 M Free-Space Link

Tsai

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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“…In addition, it is to be found that the injection-locked VCSEL1’s peak power is enhanced and the injection-locked VCSEL1’s linewidth is suppressed. An injection-locked technique enhances the intensity and suppresses the linewidth of the injection-locked laser 25 , 26 . Four directly modulated DFB LDs could be used to replace four VCSELs with injection locking.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two-way 224-Gbit/s PAM4-based fibre-FSO converged system

Tsai

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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A two-way 224-Gbit/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4)-based fibre-free-space optical (FSO) converged system through a 25-km single-mode fibre (SMF) transport with 500-m free-space transmission is successfully constructed, which adopts injection-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with polarisation-multiplexing mechanism for a demonstration. Compared with one-way transmission, two-way transmission is an attractive architecture for fibre-FSO converged system. Two-way transmission over SMF transport with free-space transmission not only reduces the required number of fibres and the setups of free-space transmission, but also provides the advantage of capacity doubling. Incorporating dual-wavelength four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) modulation with polarisation-multiplexing mechanism, the transmission capacity of fibre-FSO converged system is significantly enhanced to 224 Gbit/s (56 Gbit/s PAM4/wavelength × 2-wavelength × 2-polarisation) for downlink/uplink transmission. Bit error rate and PAM4 eye diagrams (downstream/upstream) perform well over 25-km SMF transport with 500-m free-space transmission. This proposed two-way fibre-FSO converged system is a prominent one not only because of its development in the integration of fibre backbone with optical wireless extension, but also because of its advantage in two-way transmission for affording high downlink/uplink data rate with good transmission performance.

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“…4(a) by reason of more 30 m free-space transmission. Over 30 m freespace transmission, the performances are somewhat degraded because other lights from the surroundings are involved in the received lights as well [30]. Additionally, to have a direct connection with LPFs, BPF, HPF and the electrical spectrum, the electrical spectrum of the hybrid data signals without employing LPFs, BPF, and HPF for the scenario over 41.44 km fiber link is displayed in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-Modulated Hybrid High-Speed Internet/WiFi/Pre-5G In-Building Networks Over SMF and PCF With GI-POF/IVLLC Transport

Fujimoto

Kumamoto

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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To the best of our knowledge, a phase-modulated hybrid high-speed Internet/wireless local area network (WLAN) wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)/pre-fifth-generation (Pre-5G) in-building network over an integration of single-mode fiber (SMF), phonic crystal fiber (PCF), and graded index-plastic optical fiber (GI-POF)/invisible laser light communication (IVLLC) transmission is feasibly demonstrated for the first time. An effective fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based phase modulation (PM)-to-intensity modulation (IM) conversion scheme is adopted to replace the sophisticated dispersion-induced PM-to-IM conversion scheme or costly delay interferometer (DI). This proposal is the first one to deliver high-speed Internet, WLAN Wi-Fi, and Pre-5G broadband heterogeneous services so as to bridge fiber backhaul and in-building network. The light is phase-modulated with 4-Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) (high-speed Internet), 24-Mbps/2.4-GHz microwave (MW) (WLAN Wi-Fi), and 5-Gb/s/3.5-GHz 16-quadrature amplitude modulation-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (Pre-5G) data signals over 41.44-km fiber link (40-km single-mode fiber + 1.44-km photonic crystal fiber) with 30-m GI-POF/IVLLC transmission. Bit error rate, PAM4 eye diagrams, error vector magnitude, and constellation map are examined to perform well to reveal the practicality of constructing a phase-modulated hybrid high-speed Internet/Wi-Fi/Pre-5G in-building network.INDEX TERMS Graded index-plastic optical fiber, in-building network, invisible laser light communication, phase-modulated.

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Centralized-Light-Source Two-Way PAM8/PAM4 FSO Communications With Parallel Optical Injection Locking Operation

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

A 448-Gb/s PAM4 FSO Communication With Polarization-Multiplexing Injection-Locked VCSELs Through 600 M Free-Space Link

A 448-Gb/s PAM4 FSO Communication With Polarization-Multiplexing Injection-Locked VCSELs Through 600 M Free-Space Link

A two-way 224-Gbit/s PAM4-based fibre-FSO converged system

Phase-Modulated Hybrid High-Speed Internet/WiFi/Pre-5G In-Building Networks Over SMF and PCF With GI-POF/IVLLC Transport

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