Phase-Modulated Hybrid High-Speed Internet/WiFi/Pre-5G In-Building Networks Over SMF and PCF With GI-POF/IVLLC Transport

Abstract

To the best of our knowledge, a phase-modulated hybrid high-speed Internet/wireless local area network (WLAN) wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)/pre-fifth-generation (Pre-5G) in-building network over an integration of single-mode fiber (SMF), phonic crystal fiber (PCF), and graded index-plastic optical fiber (GI-POF)/invisible laser light communication (IVLLC) transmission is feasibly demonstrated for the first time. An effective fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based phase modulation (PM)-to-intensity modulation (IM) conversion scheme is adopted to replace the sophisticated dispersion-induced PM-to-IM conversion scheme or costly delay interferometer (DI). This proposal is the first one to deliver high-speed Internet, WLAN Wi-Fi, and Pre-5G broadband heterogeneous services so as to bridge fiber backhaul and in-building network. The light is phase-modulated with 4-Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) (high-speed Internet), 24-Mbps/2.4-GHz microwave (MW) (WLAN Wi-Fi), and 5-Gb/s/3.5-GHz 16-quadrature amplitude modulation-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (Pre-5G) data signals over 41.44-km fiber link (40-km single-mode fiber + 1.44-km photonic crystal fiber) with 30-m GI-POF/IVLLC transmission. Bit error rate, PAM4 eye diagrams, error vector magnitude, and constellation map are examined to perform well to reveal the practicality of constructing a phase-modulated hybrid high-speed Internet/Wi-Fi/Pre-5G in-building network.INDEX TERMS Graded index-plastic optical fiber, in-building network, invisible laser light communication, phase-modulated.

SI-POF Supporting Power-Over-Fiber in Multi-Gbit/s Transmission for In-Home Networks

“…And plastic optical fibers are one of the most promising candidates for the in-home distribution optical network. Different bandwidth-efficient modulation schemes have been proposed to overcome the limited bandwidth of POF of around 200 MHz × 50 m, mainly due to intermodal dispersion, and to meet the expectation for the data rates required within the inhome scenario [6,7]. Recently, many proposals report the capability of increased transmission capacity in terms of Multi Gbit/s, and particularly over SI-POF.…”

Hybrid WDM FSO Fiber Access Network With Rayleigh Backscattering Noise Mitigation

“…In recent times, the capacity requirements of passive optical networks (PONs) for the fiber to the home (FTTH) are extended from 2.5 to 40 Gbit/s or even 100 Gbit/s, such as using time-division-multiplexing (TDM) [5], [6], wavelengthdivision-multiplexing (WDM) [7], [8] and time and wavelength-division-multiplexing (TWDM) access techniques [9], [10]. Furthermore, the fiber based PON networks also can be exploited to provide the backhaul and fronthaul connection for the millimeter wave (MMW) and free space optical (FSO) communications [11], [12]. Owing to some special geographical or environmental restrictions, the fiber lines cannot be provisioned and connected for signal connection in PON system [13].…”

Orthogonal Time-Frequency Multiplexing With 2D Hermitian Symmetry for Optical-Wireless Communications

“…Many researchers have proposed novel resource multiplexing and modulation techniques or devices for optical-wireless communications (OWC). Fujimoto and Lu, et al [16] first designed a phase-modulated in-building network over fiber and invisible laser light communication transmission. In [17], free-space optical transmission was discussed under orbital-angular-momentummultiplexed based on the spatial-mode multiplexing.…”