Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Klais, Christina M.; Ober, Michael D.; Ciardella, Antonio P.; Yannuzzi, Lawrence A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-02598-0.50069-0

Cited by 52 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…There are three theories on CSC pathogenesis: [1][2][3][4][5] (1) Disorder of the outer BRB, which leads to choroidal vascular hyperpermeability. 22 (2) Dysfunction of the RPE with a reversal of liquid transport.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examinations often reveal several PEDs that, when chronic, are associated with subretinal accumulation of fibrin, lipids, choriocapillaris atrophy, and choroidal neovascularization. 1 Focal thermal laser photocoagulation at the ALS and grid placed over the area of RPE decompensation has been shown to promote the resolution of the serous detachment. 7 However, the visible end point of conventional photocoagulation is a retinal burn that causes collateral anatomical and functional damage, and for this reason conventional laser photocoagulation is not considered as an indication in spontaneously resolving CSC and is normally deferred.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The underlying pathogenesis of CSC is not thoroughly understood. 1 Abnormalities of choroidal circulation (most likely choriocapillaris) at indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) precede disintegration of the RPE. 2 CSC may be associated with extraocular conditions, including type A personality, organ transplantation, use of steroids, systemic lupus erythematous, Cushing's disease, and other systemic factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subthreshold diode laser micropulse photocoagulation versus intravitreal injections of bevacizumab in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy

Koss

Beger

Koch

2011

Eye

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Purpose To evaluate the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) with either subthreshold diode laser MicroPulse (SDM) or intravitreal bevacizumab (BCZ). Methods This comparative, controlled, prospective study conducted over a period of 10 months examined 52 eyes of 52 patients with (a) treatment with SDM at the active leakage site guided by fluorescein angiography (FA) (n ¼ 16 eyes), (b) intravitreal injection of 1.25 mg BCZ (n ¼ 10 eyes), or (c) observation (n ¼ 26 eyes). Outcome measures included changes in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) leakage at FA, central macular thickness (CMT), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and 101 macular perimetry. Results At the end of the study, there was 12.5% persistent leakage in the SDM, compared with 60% in the BCZ and 92% in the control group. Mean CMT decreased by 94 lm in the SDM, 38 lm in the BCZ, and did not change in the control group. Mean BCVA improved more than 6 early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study letters in the SDM, decreased by one letter in the BCZ, and by two letters in the control group. In the SDM group, mean perimetric deficit improved by 1.5 decibels and corrected lost variance by 2.6. In the BCZ, it improved by 0.6, and in the control group by 0.5. Retreatment was required in 7/16 eyes of the SDM group (43.75%), and in 5/10 eyes of the BCZ group (50%). Conclusion SDM photocoagulation was superior to intravitreal injections of 1.25 mg BCZ in the treatment of CSC, which resulted in enhanced visual acuity and macular perimetry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Subthreshold diode laser micropulse photocoagulation versus intravitreal injections of bevacizumab in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy

Koss

Beger

Koch

2011

Eye

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“…1,2 Two theories have been proposed regarding the pathophysiology of CSC, which were based either on choroidal or RPE dysfunction, respectively. Although RPE dysfunction theory has yielded more attention for several years, choroidal thickness theory has become more important after the results of indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and the enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (OCT) studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The time of resolution and the rate of recurrence in acute central serous chorioretinopathy following spontaneous resolution and low-fluence photodynamic therapy: a case–control study

Özkaya

Alkın

Özveren

et al. 2016

Eye

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Purpose To evaluate the resolution time and the recurrence rate of acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) after spontaneous resolution and low-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT). Methods Case-control study: The CSC patients who were admitted to our clinic for the first time were included. No treatment was given during the first 6 months. Patients were treated with PDT after 6 months from the initial signs of the disease, if they did not show any sign of resolution. The patients who showed a significant decrease in subretinal fluid after month 6 were not scheduled for PDT. The primary outcomes were the resolution time and the recurrence rate after the first episode. Secondary outcome measures were the change in BCVA and CRT during the follow up. Results A total of 77 consecutive eyes of 77 patients were included, 41 eyes (53.2%) with spontaneously resolved CSC and 36 eyes (46.8%) with PDT-treated CSC. The initial resolution time was 4.1 ± 3.2 months in spontaneous resolution group, and 8.1 ± 0.8 months in PDT group, respectively (Po0.001). The recurrence rate was 51.2% in spontaneous resolution group, and 25% in PDT group (P = 0.01). The change in BCVA from baseline to the last follow-up visit was statistically significant in both groups (P = 0.002, P = 0.003, respectively). The change in CRT from baseline to the last follow up was also statistically significant in both groups (P = 0.002, P = 0.003, respectively). Conclusions The recurrence rate of acute CSC was lower in PDT-treated patients than the spontaneously resolved patients.

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“…1,2 The episodes of acute CSC are generally self-limited with spontaneous resolution of detachment within 3-4 months, although the treatment with laser photocoagulation or photodynamic therapy (PDT) may be considered in the conditions, including recurrent or persistent CSC. [3][4][5] Two theories in the pathogenesis of CSC have been proposed: one is choroidal dysfunction and the other is RPE dysfunction theory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in subfoveal choroidal thickness in central serous chorioretinopathy following spontaneous resolution and low-fluence photodynamic therapy

Kang

2013

Eye

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Purpose To assess the change in subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) following spontaneous resolution and low-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT) using the enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Methods A total of 36 consecutive eyes of 36 patients were included in this retrospective study: 16 eyes with spontaneously resolved CSC and 20 eyes with PDT-treated CSC. Best-corrected visual acuity and SFCT were evaluated at each visit until complete absorption of the subretinal fluid. SFCT of 32 normal subjects were also measured, as the control group. Wilcoxon's singed-rank test was used to evaluate the effects of spontaneous resolution and PDT. To compare the SFCT of the eyes with resolved CSC with that of the normal eyes, Mann-Whitney U-test with Bonferroni correction was also employed. Results SFCT of patients was 459.16 ± 77.50 lm at the baseline, and decreased to 419.31±54.49lm after a spontaneous resolution (P ¼ 0.015). However, SFCT was not normalized in comparison with that of the normal subjects (Po0.001). SFCT in PDT group was also reduced from 416.43 ± 74.01 to 349.50 ± 88.99 lm (Po0.001), with no significant difference with the normal value (P ¼ 0.087).Conclusions SFCT in patients with CSC decreased both after spontaneous resolution and low-fluence PDT. However, only in the PDT group, after disappearance of subretinal fluid, did it decrease to that of normal subjects.

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Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Cited by 52 publications

References 93 publications

Subthreshold diode laser micropulse photocoagulation versus intravitreal injections of bevacizumab in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy

Subthreshold diode laser micropulse photocoagulation versus intravitreal injections of bevacizumab in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy

The time of resolution and the rate of recurrence in acute central serous chorioretinopathy following spontaneous resolution and low-fluence photodynamic therapy: a case–control study

Change in subfoveal choroidal thickness in central serous chorioretinopathy following spontaneous resolution and low-fluence photodynamic therapy

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