Cellulosic Nanomaterials for Sensing Applications

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of recent progress made in the area of cellulosebased nanocomposites for sensing application. Since nanocellulose shows high tensile strength and good water dispersibility and hydrophilic properties, it has been used to improve mechanical and dispersibility properties of the materials. Porous structure of the hydrolyzed polymeric cellulose minimizes barriers to mass transport between the analyte and immobilized indicator decreases the response time. The applications and new advances covered in this chapter are the use of nanocellulose in ion exchange membrane, glucose biosensor, actuators/strain sensor, and heavy metal ion sensor. This chapter will also include the application of cellulose nanocrystals with high surface area and negative charge in biosensor application and separation technologies. The high energy interaction between binding site on the cellulose nanocrystal film and the cationic species combined with the permselective properties make the cellulose film prime candidate for application in sensor devices and permselective membranes. IntroductionRecently, nanocelluloses as a biorenewable and biocompatible resource have received great attention to the scientists due to their unique structural and physical properties such as tensile, optical, and electrical properties. Because of these properties, they have been widely studied for application in materials, actuators/sensors, drug delivery system, and biomedical science. 1 Natural cellulose fibers are bundles of microfibrils which consist of crystalline and amorphous domains. Amorphous regions can be removed by hydrolysis process left behind the crystalline cellulose, which are called nanocrystals. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are long and straight crystals of cellulose with very large modulus elasticity and strength that can be used as biodegradable additives in nanocomposite materials. 2 Using cellulose nanosized as filler elements instead of other filler materials make the product efficient, biocompatible, cost-effective and, environmental friendly for fabrication of nanocomposite structure. 197Handbook of Green Materials Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by KAINAN UNIVERSITY on 02/05/15. For personal use only.

Synergy Effect of Nanocrystalline Cellulose for the Biosensing Detection of Glucose

“…Cellulose is a renewable and biocompatible resource that displays unique mechanical, optical and electrical properties that make it suitable for materials applications, actuators/sensors, drug delivery systems, and biomedical science [ 1 ]. The nanofibers in natural cellulose consist of crystalline and amorphous domains that can be separated by acid hydrolysis [ 2 ].…”

“…The nanofibers in natural cellulose consist of crystalline and amorphous domains that can be separated by acid hydrolysis [ 2 ]. Due to the high tensile strength, good water dispersibility, and hydrophilic properties of nanocellulose, it has been used to improve the mechanical and dispersibility properties of materials [ 1 ].…”