Cellulose Nanomaterials in Biomedical, Food, and Nutraceutical Applications: A Review

Abstract

Nanotechnology with bionanomaterials have tremendous potential to enhance and utilize for nutrient and bioactive absorption, drug delivery systems, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical field through various applications. Cellulose nanomaterials are green materials that are obtained from renewable sources and possess exceptional mechanical strength and biocompatibility. The associated unique physical and chemical properties have made various nanocomposite materials an intriguing prospect for different application in the biomedical, food, and nutraceutical industries. In this review, we have discussed and provided a summary of the recent researches in the utilization of cellulosic nanomaterials in applications related to food packaging, bone tissue engineering, wound dressing, drug delivery, and nutraceutical research area and industries.

Applications of bacterial-synthesized cellulose in veterinary medicine – a review

“…The tensile strength of a single cellulose fibre is almost comparable to steel (Picheth et al 2017), being a good choice for applications where high mechanical performance is needed (Rajwade et al 2015;Ullah et al 2016). Bacterial cellulose and BC composites offer high mechanical strength matching with cancellous bone; improved biomineralization for bone growth (Martínez Ávila et al 2015); good osteogenic properties (Pigossi et al 2015); improved mechanical strength (Tanaka et al 2014); increased cell viability and substantial cell growth (Gea et al 2018); enhanced cell proliferation; non-toxic and good biocompatibility (Zang et al 2014) and comparable compositional, structural and mechanical properties with trabecular bone (Amalraj et al 2018).…”

“…The demand for new scaffold materials is increasing, requiring active involvement in the process of tissue regeneration (Sulaeva et al 2015). Tissue engineering is a versatile field that combines material engineering with cell biology and suitable biochemical factors for the development of an artificial scaffold able to maintain and aid in the regeneration damaged tissues (Amalraj et al 2018). It is an advanced biotechnology that tackles the developing of biological substitutes to replace, repair or support normal tissue function (Rajwade et al 2015).…”

“…It is an advanced biotechnology that tackles the developing of biological substitutes to replace, repair or support normal tissue function (Rajwade et al 2015). A perfect scaffold requires a material which is biocompatible, biodegradable and nontoxic to the cells, both in the original and degraded forms (Amalraj et al 2018).…”

From stars to stripes: RNA‐directed shaping of plant viral protein templates—structural synthetic virology for smart biohybrid nanostructures

“…Carbohydrate scaffolds such as chitosan, cellulose, agar‐agar and alginates, and derivatives thereof, are industrially employed immobilization matrices for enzymes and peptides anchored at high surface densities (Amalraj, Gopi, Thomas, & Haponiuk, ; Bilal & Iqbal, ; Seabra, Bernardes, Fávaro, Paula, & Durán, ; Zdarta, Meyer, Jesionowski, & Pinelo, ). Among those, especially cellulose nanocrystal formulations are being tested for multifunctional layouts, for instance in biomedical and nutraceutical products (Amalraj et al, ; Seabra et al, ; Sharma, Thakur, Bhattacharya, Mandal, & Goswami, ). For installing spatially and stoichiometrically well‐defined biomolecule ensembles (“modules” in Figure ) on predictably shaped nanocarriers, however, protein and nucleic acid biopolymers offer important additional degrees of freedom.…”

Carbohydrate‐based nanomaterials for biomedical applications

“…Like other nanomaterials, NC shows a high surface to volume ratio and improved solubility compared to natural cellulose. Here, we will focus on materials obtained by self‐assembly of substituted cellulose, since NC has been extensively reviewed (Amalraj, Gopi, Thomas, & Haponiuk, ; Jorfi & Foster, ; Picheth et al, ; Seabra, Bernardes, Fávaro, Paula, & Durán, ).…”