Cellulose nanofibers, nanocrystals, and bacterial nanocellulose: Fabrication, characterization, and their most recent applications
Hadis Rostamabadi,
Yograj Bist,
Yogesh Kumar
et al.
Abstract:In nature, cellulose is present in fibrillar structures with alternative crystalline and amorphous fragments. The application of various chemical treatments (acid hydrolysis, enzymolysis, and oxidation) could lead to the extraction and purification of crystalline compartments in the form of cellulose nanocrystals. On the other hand, applying harsh mechanical treatments (milling, ultrasonication, high‐pressure processing, grinding, microfluidization, etc.) could result in the degradation of cellulose macrostruc… Show more
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