Cellulose nanofiber network for moisture stable, strong and ductile biocomposites and increased epoxy curing rate

Ansari, Farhan; Galland, Sylvain; Johansson, Mats; Plummer, C. J. G.; Berglund, Lars A.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.03.017

Cited by 158 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…If compared to other BC or CNF reinforced composites we note that especially the Young's modulus obtained for the GGM modified CNF nanopaper laminates exceeded most of the previously reported results, but the tensile strength was average. Other groups reported much higher values (Ansari et al 2014;Henriksson et al 2008;Sehaqui et al 2010;Zhou et al 2009), but since these have been obtained for thin nanopapers of chemically pre-treated CNF, they are not fully comparable to the results presented here. The nanopaper properties determine the properties of the final nanopaper based multi-layer composites, allowing predicting the composites properties.…”

Section: Multi-layer Epoxy-nanopaper Compositescontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…The use of nanopapers as reinforcement for polymers was first demonstrated by Yano Nakagaito and Yano 2005). Henriksson and Berglund (2007) later prepared nanopaper-composites with a water-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resin while Lee et al (2012c), Ansari et al (2014) and Aitomäki et al (2016) manufactured epoxy composites by vacuum infusion and impregnation, respectively. However, as of yet, not much research has focused on the effect of the nanopaper properties on composite properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-layer nanopaper based composites

et al. 2017

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Native cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) were prepared from bleached birch pulp without any chemical or enzymatic pretreatment. These CNF were modified by adsorption of a small amount of watersoluble polysaccharides and used to prepare nanopapers, which were processed into composites by lamination with an epoxy resin and subsequently cured. The results were compared to the properties of composites prepared using bacterial cellulose nanopapers, since bacterial cellulose constitutes highly pure and crystalline cellulose. It was found that both types of nanopapers significantly improved both the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the epoxy resin. As anticipated, addition of only 2 wt% of watersoluble polysaccharides efficiently hindered crackpropagation within the nanopaper and significantly improved the tensile strength and work of fracture compared to composites containing a conventional nanopaper reinforcement. The mechanical properties of the composites thus reflected the improvement of the nanopaper properties by the polysaccharides. Moreover, it was possible to predict the properties of the final composite from the mechanical performance of the nanopapers.

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Section: Multi-layer Epoxy-nanopaper Compositescontrasting

confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-layer nanopaper based composites

et al. 2017

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“…Although the average value of the rubbery moduli (E r : the storage modulus above T g ) measured at 90°C for the composites containing CNC-coated GF were lower than that of the composite incorporating uncoated GF, due to the large standard deviation in measured properties, it was concluded that coating of the GF with CNC did not impact the rubbery modulus. Studies have shown that addition of CNC in the epoxy increased the rubbery modulus due to the formation of a network of mechanically percolated CNC [16,18,21]. However, it is expected that CNC on the surface of the GF do not form a percolated network within the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Dynamic Thermo-mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For most epoxy systems, obtaining well dispersed CNs in epoxies has been exceedingly challenging, especially for high CN volume fraction [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. To address this issues, waterborne epoxies [14,15,18], solvent exchange methods [20,21], CN preforms impregnation [22] and chemical modification of CN surfaces have been used [23], however, the time and cost involved in these processes limit their capability in industrial scale production of GF/epoxy composites. An alternative approach has been to add CNs to GF/ epoxy composites by coating the GF prior to mixing into epoxy, where the CN coating modifies the GF/ epoxy interface and subsequently improves the properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the interfacial and mechanical properties of short glass fiber/epoxy composites by coating the glass fibers with cellulose nanocrystals

Asadi¹,

Miller²,

Moon³

et al. 2016

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. In this study, the interfacial and mechanical properties of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) coated glass fiber/epoxy composites were investigated as a function of the CNC content on the surface of glass fibers (GF). Chopped GF rovings were coated with CNC by immersing the GF in CNC (0-5 wt%) aqueous suspensions. Single fiber fragmentation (SFF) tests showed that the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) increased by ~69% in composites produced with CNC coated GF as compared to uncoated GF, suggesting an enhancement of stress transfer across the GF/matrix interface. The role of CNC coatings on the tensile, flexural, and thermo-mechanical properties of the CNC-coated GF/epoxy composites was investigated. Incorporation of 0.17 wt% CNC in the composite resulted in increases of ~10% in both elastic modulus and tensile strength, and 40 and 43 % in flexural modulus and strength respectively. In conclusion CNC coatings on GF alter the GF/matrix interface resulting in improvement of the mechanical performance of the corresponding composites.

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“…For pulp composites, a diameter of 27 lm and a length of 1.3 mm were used. The effective stiffness of CNF (E f;l ) was calculated using the method of Ansari et al (2014), through the Halpin-Tsai model.…”

Section: Tensile Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose nanofibril-reinforced composites using aqueous dispersed ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer

et al. 2018

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In order to explore the reinforcing capabilities of cellulose nanofibrils, composites containing high contents of cellulose nanofibrils were prepared through a combination of water-assisted mixing and compression moulding, the components being a cellulose nanofibril suspension and an aqueous dispersion of the polyolefin copolymer poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid). The composite samples had dry cellulose nanofibril contents from 10 to 70 vol%. Computed tomography revealed well dispersed cellulose fibril/fibres in the polymer matrix. The highest content of 70 vol% cellulose nanofibrils increased the strength and stiffness of the composites by factors of 3.5 and 21, respectively, while maintaining an elongation at break of about 5%. The strength and strain-at-break of cellulose nanofibril composites were superior to the pulp composites at cellulose contents greater than 20 vol%. The stiffness of the composites reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils was not higher than for that of composites reinforced with cellulose pulp fibres.

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Cellulose nanofiber network for moisture stable, strong and ductile biocomposites and increased epoxy curing rate

Cited by 158 publications

References 47 publications

Multi-layer nanopaper based composites

Multi-layer nanopaper based composites

Improving the interfacial and mechanical properties of short glass fiber/epoxy composites by coating the glass fibers with cellulose nanocrystals

Cellulose nanofibril-reinforced composites using aqueous dispersed ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer

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