Cellulose Contents of Some Abundant Indian Seaweed Species

Abstract

Crude cellulose as well as α-and β-celluloses were estimated in thirty-four seaweed species of fifteen orders of Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta of Indian waters. The greatest yields of crude cellulose and α-cellulose were obtained from Chaetomorpha aerea (approx. 20.0% and 18.5%, respectively), and of β-cellulose (approx. 3.1%) from Caulerpa imbricata. The lowest crude cellulose, and α-and β-contents were recorded for the calcareous red alga Liagora indica (approx. 0.90%, 0.70% and 0.10%, respectively). There was little variation in cellulose content among the brown algae, while wide variations in the yields were found in the green and red algae. The present work contributes to the repertoire of 67 Indian seaweed species studied to now for their cellulose contents in our laboratory. The combined studies highlight that Chaetomorpha aerea, Acrosiphonia orientalis, Caulerpa taxifolia, Sargassum tenerrimum, Hydroclathrus clathratus and Gelidiella acerosa possess relatively high (>10%) cellulose contents, which could be of potential utility.

Single step production of bioethanol from the seaweed Ulva rigida using sonication

“…Ventura et al, observed a hemicellulose and cellulose content of 20 wt% in Ulva lactuca. 43,44 Thus, based on the cellulose and starch contents of Ulva, nearly 31 wt% of the biomass could be hydrolysed to fermentable sugars. Even though, the structural carbohydrate component ulvan is known to yield monosaccharides such as rhamnose, major fraction of fermentable sugars (glucose) is obtained from the cellulose and starch fractions.…”

Cellulose from the green macroalgae Ulva lactuca: isolation, characterization, optotracing, and production of cellulose nanofibrils

“…Aside from lignocellulosic biomass, cellulose is found in the cell walls of marine biomass such as macroalgae (Siddhanta et al 2009(Siddhanta et al , 2011(Siddhanta et al , 2013Koyama et al 1997;Chen et al 2016;Mihranyan 2011). Cellulose from macroalgae has gained increased attention recently since it offers several benefits compared with cellulose from land-based biomass.…”

“…Cellulose has been successfully extracted from both red, green and brown macroalgae (Siddhanta et al 2009(Siddhanta et al , 2011(Siddhanta et al , 2013Koyama et al 1997;Chen et al 2016;Mihranyan 2011). The gross content of cellulose varies significantly between different species, ranging from 1 to 15% (w/w) (Siddhanta et al 2009(Siddhanta et al , 2011(Siddhanta et al , 2013Koyama et al 1997). The cellulose content shows seasonal variations and is strongly dependent on the maturity of the biomass (Schiener et al 2015;Starko et al 2018).…”

Isolation and Characterization of Fractionated Cellulose from Madhuca indica

“…The peak ∼1090 cm −1 was designated to the vibrational stretching of C−O−C pyranose ring, which sharpened from crude to α‐ to β‐cellulose suggesting that the size of the cellulose was decreasing as supported by XRD analysis. From the FTIR spectrum analysis, it was confirmed that all the cellulose samples were devoid of any type of contamination of hemicellulose and lignin [29] …”

“…The solid‐state NMR of anomeric carbon of all the samples were assigned 102.9 (crude), 103.4 (α‐cellulose), and 101.8 (β‐cellulose). The C2, C3, and C5 carbons of cellulose were found to be in the range of 70.8–85.8 ppm [28–29] . The C6 signal of cellulose were assigned to each cellulosic sample as shown in Figure 3.…”