Cellulase-Free Xylanase by Halococcus thailandensis GUMFAS7 and Halorubrum saccharovorum GUMFAS1—Bionts of a Sponge Cinachyrella cavernosa

Malik, Alisha D.; Furtado, Irene

doi:10.1134/s0026261719020073

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In conclusion, we record that this is the first report on the production of xylanase‐free cellulase by Haloferax sulfurifontis GUMFAZ2, a member of the Haloferax genera retrieved as a biont of Haliclona sp. Further, the cellulase being active upto 5 M NaCl is a true halo‐extremozyme similar to other halo‐extremozymes reported and hence, deserves further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Haloferax sulfurifontis GUMFAZ2 producing xylanase‐free cellulase retrieved from Haliclona sp. inhabiting rocky shore of Anjuna, Goa‐India

Malik

Furtado

2019

J Basic Microbiol

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Salt stable cellulases are implicated in detritic food webs of marine invertebrates for their role in the degradation of cellulosic material. A haloarchaeon, Haloferax sulfurifontis GUMFAZ2 producing cellulase was successfully isolated from marine Haliclona sp., a sponge inhabiting the rocky intertidal region of Anjuna, Goa. The culture produced extracellular xylanase‐free cellulase with a maximum activity of 11.7 U/ml, using carboxymethylcellulose‐Na (CMC‐Na), as a sole source of carbon in 3.5 M NaCl containing medium, pH 7 at 40°C and produced cellobiose and glucose, detectable by thin‐layer chromatography. Nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the crude enzyme, revealed a single protein band of 19.6 kDa which on zymographic analysis exhibited cellulase activity while corresponding sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a molecular weight of 46 kDa. Unlike conventional cellulases, this enzyme is active in presence of 5 M NaCl and does not have accompanying xylanase activity, hence can be considered as xylanase‐free cellulase. Such enzymes from haloarchaea offer great potential for biotechnological application because of their stability at high salinity and is therefore worth pursuing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Haloferax sulfurifontis GUMFAZ2 producing xylanase‐free cellulase retrieved from Haliclona sp. inhabiting rocky shore of Anjuna, Goa‐India

Malik

Furtado

2019

J Basic Microbiol

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“…thiamatea, isolated from deep-sea hypersaline anoxic basins of the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, suggested an entire enzymatic repertoire for xylan depolymerisation (Werner et al, 2014). Recently, the xylanase activity has also been demonstrated in some isolates of the genera Natrinema (Karray et al, 2018), Halococcus and Halorubrum (Malik & Furtado, 2019). However, all these studies were originally based either on measurements of enzymatic activity or on genomic information and not on the enrichment of the organism in culture to confirm and measure the degradation of xylan provided as the sole source of carbon and energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanohaloarchaea as beneficiaries of xylan degradation by haloarchaea

Cono¹,

Messina

Reva

et al. 2023

Microbial Biotechnology

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Climate change, desertification, salinisation of soils and the changing hydrology of the Earth are creating or modifying microbial habitats at all scales including the oceans, saline groundwaters and brine lakes. In environments that are saline or hypersaline, the biodegradation of recalcitrant plant and animal polysaccharides can be inhibited by salt‐induced microbial stress and/or by limitation of the metabolic capabilities of halophilic microbes. We recently demonstrated that the chitinolytic haloarchaeon Halomicrobium can serve as the host for an ectosymbiont, nanohaloarchaeon ‘Candidatus Nanohalobium constans’. Here, we consider whether nanohaloarchaea can benefit from the haloarchaea‐mediated degradation of xylan, a major hemicellulose component of wood. Using samples of natural evaporitic brines and anthropogenic solar salterns, we describe genome‐inferred trophic relations in two extremely halophilic xylan‐degrading three‐member consortia. We succeeded in genome assembly and closure for all members of both xylan‐degrading cultures and elucidated the respective food chains within these consortia. We provide evidence that ectosymbiontic nanohaloarchaea is an active ecophysiological component of extremely halophilic xylan‐degrading communities (although by proxy) in hypersaline environments. In each consortium, nanohaloarchaea occur as ectosymbionts of Haloferax, which in turn act as scavenger of oligosaccharides produced by xylan‐hydrolysing Halorhabdus. We further obtained and characterised the nanohaloarchaea–host associations using microscopy, multi‐omics and cultivation approaches. The current study also doubled culturable nanohaloarchaeal symbionts and demonstrated that these enigmatic nano‐sized archaea can be readily isolated in binary co‐cultures using an appropriate enrichment strategy. We discuss the implications of xylan degradation by halophiles in biotechnology and for the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals.

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“… [ 47 ] Halorubrum sp. pH 7.0 and 40°C, Km 4mg/mL 7.5U/mL [ 48 ] Xylanase Halorubrum saccharovorum 37 °C, pH 5, of 20% NaCl 4.791 U/mg of protein Pulp and paper industry [ 49 ] Gracilibacillus sp. 3.5% NaCl, pH 7.5 and temperature of 60 °C 541 U/g dry weight of substrate [ 50 ] Flammeovirga pacifica 1.5 mol/L of NaCl 30 °C, pH 7.5 2.14 U/mg of specific activity [ 51 ] Chitinase Halobacterium salinarum 1.5 M NaCl, 40 °C at pH 7.3 0.49 ± 0.005 U/mL Waste management, food industry [ 52 ] DNase Bacillus stratosphericus N/D N/D Protein purification [ 53 ] Pseudomonas halophila Thalassobacillus devorans Where N/D indicates not determined …”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological potentials of halophilic microorganisms and their impact on mankind

Dutta

Bandopadhyay²

2022

Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci

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Background Halophiles are extremophilic organisms represented by archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes that thrive in hypersaline environment. They apply different osmoadaptation strategies to survive in hostile conditions. Habitat diversity of halophilic microorganisms in hypersaline system provides information pertaining the evolution of life on Earth. Main body The microbiome-gut-brain axis interaction contributes greatly to the neurodegenerative diseases. Gut resident halophilic bacteria are used as alternative medication for chronic brain diseases. Halophiles can be used in pharmaceuticals, drug delivery, agriculture, saline waste water treatment, biodegradable plastic production, metal recovery, biofuel energy generation, concrete crack repair and other sectors. Furthermore, versatile biomolecules, mainly enzymes characterized by broad range of pH and thermostability, are suitable candidate for industrial purposes. Reflectance pattern of halophilic archaeal pigment rhodopsin is considered as potential biosignature for Earth-like planets. Short conclusions This review represents important osmoadaptation strategies acquired by halophilic archaea and bacteria and their potential biotechnological applications to resolve present day challenges. Graphical Abstract

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Cellulase-Free Xylanase by Halococcus thailandensis GUMFAS7 and Halorubrum saccharovorum GUMFAS1—Bionts of a Sponge Cinachyrella cavernosa

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Haloferax sulfurifontis GUMFAZ2 producing xylanase‐free cellulase retrieved from Haliclona sp. inhabiting rocky shore of Anjuna, Goa‐India

Haloferax sulfurifontis GUMFAZ2 producing xylanase‐free cellulase retrieved from Haliclona sp. inhabiting rocky shore of Anjuna, Goa‐India

Nanohaloarchaea as beneficiaries of xylan degradation by haloarchaea

Biotechnological potentials of halophilic microorganisms and their impact on mankind

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