Cellular fatty acid and sugar composition of representative strains of rumen bacteria.

Minato, Hajime; Ishibashi, Sachiko; Hamaoka, Toshiyuki

doi:10.2323/jgam.34.303

Cited by 42 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…This lower DNA concentration of Butyrivibrio VA subgroup agrees with Mosoni et al (2007) who observed that a concentrate-supplemented diet induced a decrease (−1 log) on 3 species of cellulolytic bacteria in sheep concomitant with the rumen acidification. Moreover, FA analyses of pure strains of rumen bacteria have shown that some major cellulolytic bacteria are enriched in iso-C 14:0 and iso-C 15:0 (Minato et al, 1988). Effluent branched-chain FA mainly originate from bacteria leaving the fermenter.…”

Section: Dna Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pH and level of concentrate in the diet on the production of biohydrogenation intermediates in a dual-flow continuous culture

Fuentes

Calsamiglia

Cardozo

et al. 2009

Journal of Dairy Science

101

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Milk fat depression in cows fed high-grain diets has been related to an increase in the concentration of trans-10 C 18:1 and trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk. These fatty acids (FA) are produced as a result of the alteration in rumen biohydrogenation of dietary unsaturated FA. Because a reduction in ruminal pH is usually observed when high-concentrate diets are fed, the main cause that determines the alteration in the biohydrogenation pathways is not clear. The effect of pH (6.4 vs. 5.6) and dietary forage to concentrate ratios (F:C; 70:30 F:C vs. 30:70 F:C) on rumen microbial fermentation, effluent FA profile, and DNA concentration of bacteria involved in lipolysis and biohydrogenation processes were investigated in a continuous culture trial. The dual-flow continuous culture consisted of 2 periods of 8 d (5 d for adaptation and 3 d for sampling), with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Samples from solid and liquid mixed effluents were taken for determination of total N, ammonia-N, and volatile fatty acid concentrations, and the remainder of the sample was lyophilized. Dry samples were analyzed for dry matter, ash, neutral and acid detergent fiber, FA, and purine contents. The pH 5.6 reduced organic matter and fiber digestibility, ammonia-N concentration and flow, and crude protein degradation, and increased nonammonia and dietary N flows. The pH 5.6 decreased the flow of C 18:0 , trans-11 C 18:1 and cis-9, trans-11 CLA, and increased the flow of trans-10 C 18:1 , C 18:2n-6 , C 18:3n-3 , trans-11,cis-15 C 18:2 and trans-10,cis-12 CLA in the 1 h after feeding effluent. The pH 5.6 reduced Anaerovibrio lipolytica (32.7 vs. 72.1 pg/10 ng of total DNA) and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens vaccenic acid subgroup (588 vs. 1,394 pg/10 ng of total DNA) DNA concentrations. The high-concentrate diet increased organic matter and fiber digestibility, nonammonia and bacterial N flows, and reduced ammonia-N concentration and flow. The high-concentrate diet reduced trans-11 C 18:1 and trans-10 C 18:1 , and increased C 18:2n-6 , C 18:3n-3 and trans-10,cis-12 CLA proportions in the 1 h after feeding effluent. The increase observed in trans-10,cis-12 CLA proportion in the 1 h after feeding effluent due to the high-concentrate diet was smaller that that observed at pH 5.6. Results indicate that the pH is the main cause of the accumulation of trans-10 C 18:1 and trans-10, cis-12 CLA in the effluent, but the trans-10,cis-12 CLA proportion can be also affected by high levels of concentrate in the diet.

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Section: Dna Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pH and level of concentrate in the diet on the production of biohydrogenation intermediates in a dual-flow continuous culture

Fuentes

Calsamiglia

Cardozo

et al. 2009

Journal of Dairy Science

101

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“…Higher dietary NDF and an increase in forage:concentrate ratio generally increases the importance of cellulolytic bacteria (Dehority and Orpin, 1988;Weimer et al, 1999). Fatty acid analysis of pure strains of rumen bacteria have shown that some major cellulolytic bacteria are enriched in iso C14:0 and iso C15:0 (see, for example, Ifkovitz and Ragheb 1968;Minato et al, 1988). Because the latter bacteria are mainly acetate producers, it is not surprising that the coefficient of iso C14:0 and iso C15:0 is positive in the acetate-predicting equation.…”

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This suggests that rumen conditions inducing high propionate production are favorable for bacteria synthesizing linear odd-chain fatty acids. Indeed, amylolytic bacteria (e.g., Ruminobacter amylophilus, Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens) show low levels of branched-chain fatty acids and are relatively enriched in linear odd-chain fatty acids (see, for example, Ifkovitz and Ragheb 1968;Minato et al, 1988). In addition, high rumen proportions of propionate might have stimulated 1) incorporation of propionyl-CoA in bacterial fatty acids (Fulco, 1983), and 2) de novo synthesis of linear odd-chain fatty acids from propionyl-CoA in the mammary gland (Vlaeminck et al, 2006a).…”

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Odd- and Branched-Chain Fatty Acids in Relation to the Rumen Fermentation Pattern

Vlaeminck

Fievez

Tamminga

et al. 2006

Journal of Dairy Science

133

100

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The objectives of this study were 1) to determine whether a relationship exists between molar proportions of volatile fatty acids in the rumen and milk oddand branched-chain fatty acid concentrations (i.e., iso C13:0, anteiso C13:0, iso C14:0, C15:0, iso C15:0, anteiso C15:0, iso C16:0, C17:0, iso C17:0, anteiso C17:0, and cis-9 C17:1); and 2) to evaluate the accuracy of prediction of the latter equations using an independent data set. For development of the regression equations, individual cow data from 10 feeding experiments with rumen-fistulated dairy cows were used, resulting in a data set of 148 observations. Milk odd-and branched-chain fatty acids were closely related to the molar proportions of acetate (SE = 15.3 mmol/mol), propionate (SE = 14.7 mmol/mol), and butyrate (SE = 9.2 mmol/mol). These regression equations were further validated using data from the literature (n = 14). Evaluation of these prediction equations using the independent data set resulted in a root mean square prediction error of 3.0, 9.0, and 8.9% of the observed mean for acetate, propionate, and butyrate, respectively. In addition, less then 5% of the mean square prediction error was due to line bias. This suggests that the currently developed prediction equations based on milk odd-and branched-chain fatty acids show potential to predict molar proportions of individual volatile fatty acids in the rumen.

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“…7S22 was isolated from the rumen of cattle and maintained in our laboratory. The origin of other bacterial strains used in this study was described in a previous report (Minato et al, 1988).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of several cellulose-binding proteins in culture supernatant and cell lysate of Eubacterium cellulosolvens 5.

Toyoda¹,

Yoda²,

Nakamura³

et al. 2001

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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Attempts were made to separate and characterize cellulose-binding proteins (CBPs) from both the culture supernatant and cell lysate of Eubacterium cellulosolvens 5. Once the CBPs were bound to Avicel cellulose, they were then effectively eluted with the solution containing 3.2 or 5% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), but not eluted with the solution containing various kinds of carbohydrates and reagents. Namely, CBPs in both the culture supernatant and cell lysate of the bacterium bound tightly and strongly to cellulose. The SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of the eluted CBPs indicated that the CBPs contained the two major proteins having the molecular weights of approximately 160 and 84 kilodaltons (kDa) and one sub-major protein having a molecular weight of approximately 140 kDa. Zymogram analysis after the SDS-PAGE of the eluted CBPs showed that two proteins exhibited the highest levels of carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity corresponding to the molecular weights of approximately 160 and 90 kDa. A major protein having the molecular weight of approximately 160 kDa exhibited a distinct CMCase activity and was designated as CBPE1. Western immunoblot analysis indicated that the proteins prepared from 16 representative strains of rumen bacteria did not cross-react with rabbit antiserum raised against CBPE1. Thus, CBPE1 may be a unique CBP that plays an important role in the adhesion of the bacterium to cellulose.

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Cellular fatty acid and sugar composition of representative strains of rumen bacteria.

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of pH and level of concentrate in the diet on the production of biohydrogenation intermediates in a dual-flow continuous culture

Effect of pH and level of concentrate in the diet on the production of biohydrogenation intermediates in a dual-flow continuous culture

Milk Odd- and Branched-Chain Fatty Acids in Relation to the Rumen Fermentation Pattern

Presence of several cellulose-binding proteins in culture supernatant and cell lysate of Eubacterium cellulosolvens 5.

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