CelloZIFPaper: Cellulose-ZIF Hybrid Paper for Heavy Metal Removal and Electrochemical Sensing

Abstract

The processing of hierarchical porous zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8) into a cellulose paper using sheet former Rapid-Köthen (R.K.) is reported. The procedure is a promising route to overcome a significant bottleneck towards applying metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in commercial products. ZIF-8 crystals were integrated into cellulose pulp (CP) or TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical)-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNF) following an in-situ or ex-situ process; the materials were denoted as CelloZIFPaper_In Situ and CelloZIFPaper_Ex Situ. The materials were applied as adsorbents to remove heavy metals from water, with adsorption capacities of 66.2 - 354.0 mg/g. CelloZIFPaper can also be used as a stand-alone working electrode for the selective sensing of toxic heavy metals, for instance, lead ions (Pb2+), using electrochemical-based methods with a detection limit of 8 µM. The electrochemical measurements may advance 'Lab-on-CelloZIFPaper' technologies for label-free detection of Pb2+ ions.

Advanced Multifunctional Materials (2023)

“…The adsorbent exhibited selectivity toward Fe 3+ , Al 3+ , Co 2+ , Cu 2+ , Na + , and Ca 2+ of 86.8%, 6.7%, 2.4%, 0.93%, 0.61%, and 0.19%, respectively [157]. Cellulose enabled also the processing of ZIF materials into filter paper [158,159] and foams [160]. Most of these biopolymers are biodegradable [161,162] compared to synthetic polymers [163].…”

“…They showed adsorption capacities of 389.8-554.8 mg/g for Cu 2+ ions with a selectivity of 86.8% toward Fe 3+ ions [157]. A filter paper containing cellulose and ZIF-8 were reported [158,159]. The prepared filter paper, denoted as CelloZIFPaper, was used for heavy metal adsorption.…”

Dielectric, Thermal, and Electrical Conductivity Properties of Biodegradable Polymer Nanocomposites

“…Cellulose has been considered the most abundant biopolymer in nature (Figure 2) [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] . It is a linear polysaccharide biopolymer consisting of β-1,4-linked D-glucose units.…”

Removal of carbon dioxide using zeolitic imidazolate frameworks: Adsorption and conversion via catalysis

“…They have similar properties to porous MOFs with a full exposition of imidazole-based ligand edges and faces. [67] ZIFs have the potential to improve several applications such as biomedical applications, [20,65] gene delivery, [68][69][70] biomedicine, [71,72] environmental, [15,[73][74][75][76] and energybased applications. [50,51,[77][78][79] They are also promising materials for gas separation/storage.…”