Cell therapy using bone marrow stromal cells in chronic paraplegic rats: Systemic or local administration?

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for the repair of central nervous system injury

“…administration. 85,86 In vitro predifferentiation of MSCs has also been attempted before transplantation into the injured spinal cord in an attempt to enhance repair. MSC-derived Schwann cells plus Matrigel, a synthetic scaffold material, were shown to promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery after complete transection of the adult rat spinal cord.…”

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“…19 Direct transplant into the injured spinal cord may be significantly more effective in improving neurologic symptoms than intravenous transplant. 20 In the present case, we injected the cells into the subarachnoid space near the injured spinal cord, and there were no serious adverse events or abnormal findings evident on magnetic resonance imaging or electrophysiologic examination for 1245 days after transplant.…”

Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells pretreated with valproic acid in rats with an acute spinal cord injury

“…However, this treatment seems to have more limited therapeutic effectiveness than local direct injection because of the uneven distribution of BMSCs in vivo after intravenous injection (5). Ninety-nine percent of intravenously injected MSCs adhere to the lungs, while only 2-3% of adhering MSCs are released into the circulation (6).…”