Cell size regulation, a mechanism that controls cellular RNA accumulation: consequences on regulation of the ubiquitous transcription factors Oct1 and NF-Y and the liver-enriched transcription factor DBP.

Schmidt, Edward E.; Schibler, Ulrich

doi:10.1083/jcb.128.4.467

Cited by 139 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, it was recently demonstrated that MEIS1 is activated by phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA), a cAMP dependant kinase that is itself activated by adenylyle cyclases, 68 and binds a cAMP response element in the promotor of the bovine CYP17 gene. 69 Furthermore, the identification of several other highly clustered and remarkably conserved TF binding sites within ECR1 such as those of the ubiquitously expressed NF-Y protein 70 and C/EBP, 71 whose binding activity are both influenced by PKA activity 72 is further suggestive of a role for the cAMP/PKA signal transduction cascade in modulating the activity of ECR1 and the PPTA gene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A remote and highly conserved enhancer supports amygdala specific expression of the gene encoding the anxiogenic neuropeptide substance-P

et al. 2006

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The neuropeptide substance P (SP), encoded by the preprotachykinin-A (PPTA) gene, is expressed in the central and medial amygdaloid nucleus, where it plays a critical role in modulating fear and anxiety related behaviour. Determining the regulatory systems that support PPTA expression in the amygdala may provide important insights into the causes of depression and anxiety related disorders and will provide avenues for the development of novel therapies. In order to identify the tissue specific regulatory element responsible for supporting expression of the PPTA gene in the amygdala, we used long-range comparative genomics in combination with transgenic analysis and immunohistochemistry. By comparing human and chicken genomes, it was possible to detect and characterise a highly conserved long-range enhancer that supported tissue specific expression in SP expressing cells of the medial and central amygdaloid bodies (ECR1; 158.5 kb 5 0 of human PPTA ORF). Further bioinformatic analysis using the TRANSFAC database indicated that the ECR1 element contained multiple and highly conserved consensus binding sequences of transcription factors (TFs) such as MEIS1. The results of immunohistochemical analysis of transgenic lines were consistent with the hypothesis that the MEIS1 TF interacts with and maintains ECR1 activity in the central amygdala in vivo. The discovery of ECR1 and the in vivo functional relationship with MEIS1 inferred by our studies suggests a mechanism to the regulatory systems that control PPTA expression in the amygdala. Uncovering these mechanisms may play an important role in the future development of tissue specific therapies for the treatment of anxiety and depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A remote and highly conserved enhancer supports amygdala specific expression of the gene encoding the anxiogenic neuropeptide substance-P

et al. 2006

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“…The following protocol was adapted from that of Schmidt and Schibler (1995). Seedlings, mature plants, or organs were harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen.…”

Section: Extraction Conditions and Measurement Of Protein To Dna Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Expression and Normalized Levels of the Five Arabidopsis Phytochromes

2002

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Using monoclonal antibodies specific for each apoprotein and full-length purified apoprotein standards, the levels of the five Arabidopsis phytochromes and their patterns of expression in seedlings and mature plants and under different light conditions have been characterized. Phytochrome levels are normalized to the DNA content of the various tissue extracts to approximate normalization to the number of cells in the tissue. One phytochrome, phytochrome A, is highly light labile. The other four phytochromes are much more light stable, although among these, phytochromes B and C are reduced 4- to 5-fold in red- or white-light-grown seedlings compared with dark-grown seedlings. The total amount of extractable phytochrome is 23-fold lower in light-grown than dark-grown tissues, and the percent ratios of the five phytochromes, A:B:C:D:E, are measured as 85:10:2:1.5:1.5 in etiolated seedlings and 5:40:15:15:25 in seedlings grown in continuous white light. The four light-stable phytochromes are present at nearly unchanging levels throughout the course of development of mature rosette and reproductive-stage plants and are present in leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Phytochrome protein expression patterns over the course of seed germination and under diurnal and circadian light cycles are also characterized. Little cycling in response to photoperiod is observed, and this very low amplitude cycling of some phytochrome proteins is out of phase with previously reported cycling ofPHY mRNA levels. These studies indicate that, with the exception of phytochrome A, the family of phytochrome photoreceptors in Arabidopsis constitutes a quite stable and very broadly distributed array of sensory molecules.

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“…b Analysis of haplotype of expressed H2-D1 alleles in F1 hybrid mice. Kidney total RNA samples (5 μg) from five experimental (samples 1-5) and three control (samples 6-8) mice were supplemented with yeast RNA to 50 μg, hybridized to 5 fmol of radiolabeled H2-D1 b probe, and digested with RNase A and RNase T1, as described previously (Schmidt and Schibler 1995). Samples were then resolved on denaturing polyacrylamide sequencing gels and protected fragments visualized by autoradiography.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genomic DNA or total RNA was harvested by standard procedures from mouse tail tips (~0.5 cm) at weaning (~3 weeks of age) for survival genotypic analyses, or from kidneys at sacrifice (Schmidt and Schibler 1995). The scid mutation was followed by direct sequencing (Fig.…”

Section: Genotype Marker and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive and neurological Quakingviable phenotypes in a severe combined immune deficient mouse background

et al. 2005

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The quaking viable (qk v ) mutation, a spontaneous deletion of a multigenic region encompassing roughly 1 Mb at 5.9 cM on the proximal end of mouse chromosome 17, causes severe trembling in all homozygous animals and infertility in all homozygous males. Physiologically, quaking mice exhibit dysmyelination and postmeiotic spermatogenic arrest. Molecular defects in Qk v mice occur in the affected tissues, indicating the primary causes of these pathologies are cell autonomous. However, because both the reproductive and neurological defects are in immune-privileged sites and because some similar pathologies at both sites have been shown to be immune mediated, we tested whether the immune system participates secondarily in manifestation of Qk v phenotypes. The qk v mutation was bred into a severe combined immune-deficient mouse line (SCID; devoid of mature B and T cells) and penetrance of the neurological and the male sterile phenotypes was measured. Results showed that neither defect was ameliorated in the immune-deficient background. We conclude that the Qk v pathologies do not likely involve a B-or T-cell-dependent response against these immuneprivileged sites.

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Cell size regulation, a mechanism that controls cellular RNA accumulation: consequences on regulation of the ubiquitous transcription factors Oct1 and NF-Y and the liver-enriched transcription factor DBP.

Cited by 139 publications

References 69 publications

A remote and highly conserved enhancer supports amygdala specific expression of the gene encoding the anxiogenic neuropeptide substance-P

A remote and highly conserved enhancer supports amygdala specific expression of the gene encoding the anxiogenic neuropeptide substance-P

Patterns of Expression and Normalized Levels of the Five Arabidopsis Phytochromes

Reproductive and neurological Quakingviable phenotypes in a severe combined immune deficient mouse background

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