Cell Size and Oxidative Enzyme Activity of Rat Biceps Brachii and Triceps Brachii Muscles

Matsumoto, Akiko; Nagatomo, Fumiko; Mori, Ayako; Ohira, Yoshinobu; Ishihara, Akihiko

doi:10.2170/physiolsci.rp008907

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…We found that in resting sedentary rats NR4A3 mRNA and protein expression were higher in the soleus muscle, which consists of [80% type I fibers [24] than in the triceps muscle, which consists of 70% type IIb fibers [25] (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

The effects of β-adrenergic stimulation and exercise on NR4A3 protein expression in rat skeletal muscle

et al. 2010

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β-Adrenergic stimulation and exercise up-regulate the mRNA expression of nuclear receptor NR4A3, which is involved in the regulation of glucose and fatty acid utilization genes in skeletal muscle. The objective of our study was to examine the effects of β-adrenergic stimulation and exercise on the expression of NR4A3 protein in rat skeletal muscle. A single subcutaneous injection of clenbuterol, which is a β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) agonist, increased NR4A3 mRNA and protein expression in the fast-twitch glycolytic triceps muscle. On the other hand, an acute 3-h session of either treadmill running or swimming did not increase the NR4A3 protein level in the exercised muscle, although both treadmill running and swimming increased NR4A3 mRNA. Finally, loss of postural contractile activity because of hindlimb immobilization reduced NR4A3 mRNA and protein in the slow-twitch oxidative soleus muscle. These results suggest that: β-adrenergic stimulation up-regulates not only NR4A3 mRNA but also NR4A3 protein in fast-twitch glycolytic muscle; exercise may increase NR4A3 mRNA but not NR4A3 protein in skeletal muscle; and local postural contractile activity plays a crucial role in maintaining NR4A3 protein expression level in postural muscle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

The effects of β-adrenergic stimulation and exercise on NR4A3 protein expression in rat skeletal muscle

et al. 2010

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“…To determine the effects of training on insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake, 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐[ 3 H]glucose uptake into epitrochlearis muscles was measured in the 7‐week groups in the basal state and in response to increasing doses of insulin. The epitrochlearis muscle was used because its small size makes it suitable for in vitro glucose transport, and because the muscle fiber type composition (type I, 15%; type IIa, 20%; type IIb, 65% ) is similar to that in the deep regions of the triceps (type I, 10%; type IIa, 20%; type IIb, 70% ), the muscle used for other analyses in the current study. Insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake was significantly greater in the trained group than in the sedentary group, with submaximal (300 μU·mL −1 ) and supermaximal (50 mU·mL −1 ) insulin concentrations suggesting improved insulin sensitivity, which is commonly associated with exercise training (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Exercise training‐induced adaptations associated with increases in skeletal muscle glycogen content

et al. 2013

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Chronic exercise training results in numerous skeletal muscle adaptations, including increases in insulin sensitivity and glycogen content. To understand the mechanism for increased muscle glycogen, we studied the effects of exercise training on glycogen regulatory proteins in rat skeletal muscle. Female Sprague Dawley rats performed voluntary wheel running for 1, 4, or 7 weeks. After 7 weeks of training, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was increased in epitrochlearis muscle. Compared to sedentary control rats, muscle glycogen did not change after 1 week of training, but increased significantly after 4 and 7 weeks. The increases in muscle glycogen were accompanied by elevated glycogen synthase activity and protein expression. To assess the regulation of glycogen synthase, we examined its major activator, protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), and its major deactivator, glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3). Consistent with glycogen synthase activity, PP1 activity was unchanged after 1 week of training but significantly increased after 4 and 7 weeks of training. Protein expression of RGL(GM), another regulatory PP1 subunit, significantly decreased after 4 and 7 weeks of training. Unlike PP1, GSK3 phosphorylation did not follow the pattern of glycogen synthase activity. The ~40% decrease in GSK-3α phosphorylation after 1 week of exercise training persisted until 7 weeks and may function as a negative feedback to elevated glycogen. Our findings suggest that exercise training-induced increases in muscle glycogen content could be regulated by multiple mechanisms including enhanced insulin sensitivity, glycogen synthase expression, allosteric activation of glycogen synthase and PP1activity.

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“…Some researchers state that the biceps brachii of rats evidence low activity of the oxidative enzymes of the fibres in the surface region of this muscle due to the fact that they do not need to act as antigravitational muscles in this animal (Matsumoto et al, 2007). Others state that larger mammals have a higher percentage of type I fibres due to the need to support their heavier weight (Kawai et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histochemistry profile of the biceps brachii muscle fibres of capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella, Linnaeus, 1758)

et al. 2014

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A general analysis of the behaviour of "Cebus" shows that when this primate moves position to feed or perform another activity, it presents different ways of locomotion. This information shows that the brachial biceps muscle of this animal is frequently used in their locomotion activities, but it should also be remembered that this muscle is also used for other development activities like hiding, searching for objects, searching out in the woods, and digging in the soil. Considering the above, it was decided to research the histoenzimologic characteristics of the brachial biceps muscle to observe whether it is better adpted to postural or phasic function. To that end, samples were taken from the superficial and deep regions, the inserts proximal (medial and lateral) and distal brachial biceps six capuchin monkeys male and adult, which were subjected to the reactions of m-ATPase, NADH-Tr. Based on the results of these reactions fibres were classified as in Fast Twitch Glycolitic (FG), Fast Twitch Oxidative Glycolitic (FOG) and Slow Twitc (SO). In general, the results, considering the muscle as a whole, show a trend of frequency FOG> FG> SO. The data on the frequency were studied on three superficial regions FOG=FG>SO; the deep regions of the inserts proximal FOG=FG=SO and inserting the distal FOG>FG=SO. In conclusion, the biceps brachii of the capuchin monkey is well adapted for both postural and phasic activities.Keywords: biceps brachii muscle, histoenzimologic, muscle fibre types, capuchin monkeys, primates.Perfil histoquímico das fibras do músculo bíceps braquial do macaco-prego (Cebus apella, Linnaeus, 1758) ResumoUma análise geral do comportamento do "Cebus apella" mostra que este primata quando desloca para se alimentar ou realizar outra atividade apresenta diferentes maneiras de locomoção. Estas informações mostram que o músculo bíceps braquial deste animal é usado freqüentemente nas suas atividades de locomoção, mas deve ser lembrado ainda que este músculo é usado também para desenvolvimento de outras atividades como esconder-se, procurar objetos, vasculhar arboredos, além de cavar o chão. Considerando-se o exposto acima decidiu-se pesquisar as características histoenzimológicas do músculo bíceps braquial do macaco-prego com o objetivo de comparar se este músculo esta melhor adaptado para funções posturais ou fásicas. As amostras foram retiradas das regiões superficiais e profundas; inserções proximais (medial e lateral) e distal de seis macacos-prego machos e adultos, os quais foram submetidos às reações de m-ATPase, NADH-Tr. Baseado nos resultados das reações, as fibras foram classificadas em Fast Twitch Glycolitic (FG), Fast Twitch Oxidative Glycolitic (FOG) e Slow Twitch (SO). Quanto à área dos diferentes tipos de fibras, os resultados encontrados foram semelhantes em todas as amostras estudadas, e as fibras de contração rápida foram sempre maiores do que as de contração lenta (FG=FOG>SO). Os dados obtidos sobre a frequência foram: nas três regiões superficiais estudadas FOG=FG>SO; nas regiõe...

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Cell Size and Oxidative Enzyme Activity of Rat Biceps Brachii and Triceps Brachii Muscles

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

The effects of β-adrenergic stimulation and exercise on NR4A3 protein expression in rat skeletal muscle

The effects of β-adrenergic stimulation and exercise on NR4A3 protein expression in rat skeletal muscle

Exercise training‐induced adaptations associated with increases in skeletal muscle glycogen content

Histochemistry profile of the biceps brachii muscle fibres of capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella, Linnaeus, 1758)

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