Cell Size and Oxidative Enzyme Activity of Type-Identified Fibers in Rat Hindlimb Muscles:  a Review

Nakatani, Toshiaki; Nakashima, Torahiko; Kita, Taizo; Ishihara, Akihiko

doi:10.1267/ahc.36.105

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…The oxidative enzyme activities of fibers in the rat hindlimb muscles, except the soleus muscle, correspond well with the fiber types in that type and type A fibers have higher oxidative enzyme activities, whereas type B fibers have lower oxidative enzyme activities 3) ; however, the oxidative enzyme activity of type-identified fibers is muscle-specific. In the rat soleus muscle, type A and type C fibers have significantly higher oxidative enzyme activities than type fibers 3,21,44) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…In the rat soleus muscle, type A and type C fibers have significantly higher oxidative enzyme activities than type fibers 3,21,44) . In this study, the mRNA expression level of PGC-1 in the soleus muscles of the GK group was lower than that of the WR group (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In mammals, skeletal muscle fibers are generally classified as type (slow-twitch) and type (fasttwitch) according to differences in adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity after preincubation at different pH [1][2][3] . Type fibers are further subclassified into type A, type B, and type C according to the sta-increased or decreased neuromuscular activity, hypobaric hypoxia, hyperbaric oxygenation, and exposure to microgravity 4,5) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Skeletal Muscle Characteristics of Rats with Obesity, Diabetes, Hypertension, and Hyperlipidemia

Nagatomo

Fujino

et al. 2009

JAT

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Aim: Data on the skeletal muscle characteristics of patients and animals with lifestyle-related diseases are limited. We investigated mRNA expression levels and fiber profiles in the skeletal muscles of rats with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and/or hyperlipidemia. Methods: The mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR and PPAR / ), PPAR coactivator-1 (PGC-1 ), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), carnitine palmitoyl-transferase (CPT ), medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), and mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (TFAM) in the soleus muscles were compared among 15-week-old control (WR), type 2 diabetic (GK), hypertensive (SHR), and hyperlipidemic (CP) rats. The fiber profiles in the soleus muscles of these rats were also determined. Results: GK rats showed lower PPAR / , PGC-1 , and MCAD expression levels than WR rats. SHR rats showed higher PPAR and MCAD and lower PPAR / expression levels than WR rats. CP rats showed lower PPAR / and higher SCD-1 expression levels than WR rats. The muscles of WR, SHR, and CP rats had low-oxidative type and high-oxidative type A and type C fibers, whereas the muscle of GK rats had only low-oxidative type fibers. Conclusions:The skeletal muscles of rats with lifestyle-related diseases have unique mRNA expression patterns and fiber profiles depending on the type of disease. For example, the lower PGC-1 and MCAD mRNA expression levels in the soleus muscles of type 2 diabetic rats are associated with the presence of only low-oxidative type fibers in the muscle. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2009; 16:576-585.Key words; Lifestyle-related disease, mRNA expression level, Muscle fiber type bility of ATPase at acidic pH. Type A fibers become ATPase negative at a faster rate than type B fibers when the acidity of the preincubation medium increases. Type C fibers have been identified in skeletal muscles, particularly in the soleus muscle of rats; these fibers are ATPase positive, irrespective of the pH of the preincubation medium. Glycolytic enzyme activity is higher in type A, type B, and type C fibers than in type fibers, whereas oxidative enzyme activity is higher in type , type A, and type C fibers than in type B fibers; therefore, the presence of different types of fibers correlates with the metabolic properties of individual skeletal muscles. Skeletal muscles exhibit plasticity and undergo fiber type transitions under various conditions, such as growth, aging,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Skeletal Muscle Characteristics of Rats with Obesity, Diabetes, Hypertension, and Hyperlipidemia

Nagatomo

Fujino

et al. 2009

JAT

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“…An inverse relationship between cross-sectional areas and oxidative enzyme activities of fibers in hindlimb muscles, including the soleus, plantaris, extensor digitorum longus, and tibialis anterior muscles in rats, was observed in previous studies [2,3,9]. This indicates that smaller fibers have higher oxidative enzyme activity than larger fibers in hindlimb muscles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 56%

Cell Size and Oxidative Enzyme Activity of Rat Biceps Brachii and Triceps Brachii Muscles

et al. 2007

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Fiber-type distributions, cross-sectional areas, and oxidative enzyme activities of type-identified fibers in the biceps brachii and triceps brachii muscles of 10-week-old male Wistar rats were determined and compared with those in the soleus and plantaris muscles. The soleus and plantaris muscles consisted of two (I and IIA) and three (I, IIA, and IIB) types of fibers, respectively. The deep regions of the biceps brachii and triceps brachii muscles consisted of three types of fibers, while the surface regions of those muscles consisted only of type IIB fibers. The cross-sectional areas of fibers in the deep and surface regions of the plantaris muscle and in the deep regions of the biceps brachii and triceps brachii muscles were in the rank order of type I = type IIA < type IIB, while the oxidative enzyme activities of fibers in the deep and surface regions of the plantaris muscle and in the deep region of the triceps brachii muscle were in the rank order of type IIB < type I = type IIA. These results indicate that fiber-type distributions, cross-sectional areas, and oxidative enzyme activities are muscle type-and region-specific. Therefore, the metabolic and functional significance of the biceps brachii and triceps brachii muscles, especially in the surface regions, where only type IIB fibers are located, in those muscles, appears to be determined by their fibers having larger cells and lower oxidative enzyme activity.

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“…In contrast, the levels of citrate synthase activity, as well as the levels of -hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase, increased in the gastrocnemius, semitendinosus and cardiac muscles in hibernating golden-mantled ground squirrels or loading rats [17,27]. Type-I fibers are known to be rich in mitochondria and produce high concentrations of ATP through oxidation-reduction [13,19], suggesting that each myosin heavy chain isoform has features connected with energy metabolism. Our result that the ratio of type-I fibers did not decrease at LT suggests that the energy metabolism is maintained under such conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low Temperature Environment Delays the Changes in Muscle Fiber Type Composition Induced by Unloading

Nagano

Suzaki

Nagano

et al. 2005

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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The present study examined whether low-temperature (LT) could reduce experimentally-induced atrophy of the skeletal muscle in non-hibernating mammals, as judged by muscle wet-weight, cross-sectional area of muscle fibers, ratio of muscle fiber types, and number of apoptotic myofibers in the soleus muscle of rat. Hindlimb unloading (HU) was carried out for either one or two weeks (1W or 2W, respectively) at room temperature (HU-1W and HU-2W groups) or LT (10C, HULT-1W and HULT-2W groups). Other animals were allowed to move freely at either room temperature (CON-1W and CON-2W groups) or LT (LT-1W and LT-2W groups). Total caloric intake was increased in LT rats compared with the CON, HULT and HU rats. Body weight, muscle wet-weight and cross-sectional area were significantly decreased in HU and HULT rats compared with CON and/or LT rats. Type-I fiber composition in HULT-2W was not significantly reduced compared with those of CON-2W and LT-2W, but that of HU-2W was significantly reduced compared with the other groups. A small number of caspase-3-activated myofibers appeared in HULT-2W and HU-2W, but not in CON-2W and LT-2W. Thus, our results indicate that LT retards the change in the ratio of type-I and type-II fibers, but does not prevent decreases in muscle size and mass, or apoptosis of myofibers.

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Cell Size and Oxidative Enzyme Activity of Type-Identified Fibers in Rat Hindlimb Muscles: a Review

Cited by 25 publications

References 77 publications

Skeletal Muscle Characteristics of Rats with Obesity, Diabetes, Hypertension, and Hyperlipidemia

Skeletal Muscle Characteristics of Rats with Obesity, Diabetes, Hypertension, and Hyperlipidemia

Cell Size and Oxidative Enzyme Activity of Rat Biceps Brachii and Triceps Brachii Muscles

A Low Temperature Environment Delays the Changes in Muscle Fiber Type Composition Induced by Unloading

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