Cell lines from Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) support replication of bluetongue virus

Wechsler, S.J.; McHolland, Linda E.; Tabachnick, Walter J.

doi:10.1016/0022-2011(89)90123-7

Cited by 82 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Virus isolation was attempted from selected blood samples from both adults and foetuses (previously frozen at -80°C) that demonstrated the lowest Ct values in the real-time RT-PCR by using Culicoides sonorensis (KC) cells (Wechsler et al, 1989). This was done in an attempt to demonstrate the presence and duration of infectious viraemia.…”

Section: Virus Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplacental infection in goats experimentally infected with a European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8

Coetzee

Stokstad

Myrmel

et al. 2013

The Veterinary Journal

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The capability of the current European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) to cross the ruminant placenta has been established in experimental and field studies in both sheep and cattle. Sero-prevalence rates in goats in north-western Europe were high during the recent outbreak of BTV-8, however the capability of the virus to infect goats through the transplacental route has not been established. In the present study, four Saanen goats pregnant at 62 days of gestation were inoculated with the European strain of BTV-8, in order to investigate the capability of the virus to cross the caprine placenta. Infection of adult goats resulted in mild clinical signs, however gross lesions observed post mortem were more severe.

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Section: Virus Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplacental infection in goats experimentally infected with a European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8

Coetzee

Stokstad

Myrmel

et al. 2013

The Veterinary Journal

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“…Apparently, both protein and RNA sequences have co-evolved in the field situation, and are both partly conserved. The function of NS3/NS3a in the non-specific release from BSR cells (Hyatt et al, 1989) is highly conserved, whereas virus release from Culicoides cells (French et al, 1989;Guirakhoo et al, 1995;Noad & Roy, 2009;Wechsler & McHolland, 1988;Wechsler et al, 1989) is orbivirus specific. Likely, binding of NS3/NS3a to VP2 has differentiated and became specific for each orbivirus species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BSR cells (clone of BHK-21 cells; Sato et al, 1977) were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM; Invitrogen) containing 5 % FBS, 100 IU penicillin ml 21 , 100 mg streptomycin ml 21 and 2.5 mg amphotericin B ml 21 . KC cells (Wechsler et al, 1989) derived from embryos of colonized Culicoides sonorensis (Jones & Foster, 1978) were grown in modified Schneider's Drosophila medium with 15 % FBS, 100 IU penicillin ml 21 and 100 mg streptomycin ml 21 at 27 uC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The C-terminal cytoplasmic domain interacts with the outer capsid protein VP2 (Beaton et al, 2002), suggesting that NS3 supports virus release by connecting virus to cellular transport mechanisms and by disruption of the cell membrane. NS3/NS3a expression is higher in insect cells than in mammalian cells, suggesting that the NS3 function in invertebrates is more prominent (French et al, 1989;Guirakhoo et al, 1995;Noad & Roy, 2009;Wechsler & McHolland, 1988;Wechsler et al, 1989). Release of BTV occurs by different mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Balance of RNA sequence requirement and NS3/NS3a expression of segment 10 of orbiviruses

Feenstra

Gennip²,

Schreuder³

et al. 2016

Journal of General Virology

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Orbiviruses are insect-transmitted, non-enveloped viruses with a ten-segmented dsRNA genome of which the bluetongue virus (BTV) is the prototype. Viral non-structural protein NS3/NS3a is encoded by genome segment 10 (Seg-10), and is involved in different virus release mechanisms. This protein induces specific release via membrane disruptions and budding in both insect and mammalian cells, but also the cytopathogenic release that is only seen in mammalian cells. NS3/NS3a is not essential for virus replication in vitro with BTV Seg-10 containing RNA elements essential for virus replication, even if protein is not expressed. Recently, new BTV serotypes with distinct NS3/NS3a sequence and cell tropism have been identified. Multiple studies have hinted at the importance of Seg-10 in orbivirus replication, but the exact prerequisites are still unknown. Here, more insight is obtained with regard to the needs for orbivirus Seg-10 and the balance between protein expression and RNA elements. Multiple silent mutations in the BTV NS3a ORF destabilized Seg-10, resulting in deletions and sequences originating from other viral segments being inserted, indicating strong selection at the level of RNA during replication in mammalian cells in vitro. The NS3a ORFs of other orbiviruses were successfully exchanged in BTV1 Seg-10, resulting in viable chimeric viruses. NS3/NS3a proteins in these chimeric viruses were generally functional in mammalian cells, but not in insect cells. NS3/NS3a of the novel BTV serotypes 25 and 26 affected virus release from Culicoides cells, which might be one of the reasons for their distinct cell tropism.

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“…NS3/NS3a is involved in virus release, in particular from Culicoides cells (French et al, 1989;Guirakhoo et al, 1995;Wechsler & McHolland, 1988;Wechsler et al, 1989), and is also an IFN antagonist (Chauveau et al, 2013). van Gennip et al (2014) showed that NS3/NS3a expression is not essential for BTV replication in vitro.…”

Section: Disabled Infectious Single-animal (Disa) Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Current and next-generation bluetongue vaccines: Requirements, strategies, and prospects for different field situations

Feenstra

Rijn

2016

Critical Reviews in Microbiology

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Cell lines from Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) support replication of bluetongue virus

Cited by 82 publications

References 13 publications

Transplacental infection in goats experimentally infected with a European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8

Transplacental infection in goats experimentally infected with a European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8

Balance of RNA sequence requirement and NS3/NS3a expression of segment 10 of orbiviruses

Current and next-generation bluetongue vaccines: Requirements, strategies, and prospects for different field situations

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