Cell and organ printing turns 15: Diverse research to commercial transitions

Abstract

Abstract

Additive Manufacturing: Current State, Future Potential, Gaps and Needs, and Recommendations

“…As part of the outcome from the 2013 NSF Workshop on Fron tiers of Additive Manufacturing Research and Education, which was held luly [11][12]2013 in Arlington, VA, this paper summa rizes AM's current state, future potential, gaps and needs, as well as recommendations for technology and research, university-in dustry collaboration and technology transfer, and education and training. The objective of the workshop was to provide a forum for sharing ideas and disseminating information about the fron tiers of AM research, education, and technology transfer.…”

“…The year 2013 marked the 15th year of cell printing, an ambitious vision to create a developmental biology-enabled, scaffold-less technique to fabricate living tissues and organs by printing living cells [10,11], A typical cell printing process consists of three stages: (1) preprocessing: creating tissueor organ-specific CAD models for each patient using CT scan data; (2) processing: using AM processes to deposit living cells into 3D biological constructs [11][12][13]; and (3) postprocessing: incubating printed tissues or organs to encourage tissue fusion and maturation.…”

3D‐Printed Microfluidics

“…[44] Extrusion pens (i.e., FDM using room-temperature liquids), electrospray, and selective photopolymerization have now been added to the arsenal of bioprinting technologies (see the Review in Ref. [45]). …”

Introductory Chapter: Multi-Aspect Bibliographic Analysis of the Synergy of Technical, Biological and Medical Sciences Concerning Materials and Technologies Used for Medical and Dental Implantable Devices

“…Many layers of different types of cells at present can be three-dimensionally printed to directly create an organ, ensuring the highest currently possible degree of control over the structure of the regenerated tissues [537][538][539][540][541][542]. The first production system for three-dimensional printing of tissues was delivered only in 2009 based on the NovoGen bioprinting technology [543].…”