cDNA cloning and expression of polygalacturonaseinhibiting proteins (PGIPs) from red raspberry (Rubus idaeus)

A gene encoding a polygalacturonase‐inhibiting protein (PGIP) shows developmental regulation and pathogen‐induced expression in strawberry

“…This pattern agrees with the nature of F. × ananassa , an interspecific hybrid between the octoploids F. chiloensis and F. virginiana , and suggests the presence of a small PGIP gene family in the genus Fragaria . In raspberry (Ramanathan et al ., 1997) and apple (Yao et al ., 1999), both diploid species related to strawberry, three to five hybridisation bands were detected in the DNA blot analysis, suggesting the presence of PGIP gene families of a size similar to strawberry. The octoploid species F. chiloensis was included in the analysis as a reference for complex banding patterns.…”

“…The intron sequence of these species is not conserved, and varies in length between 82 and 263 bp. For example, the 243 bp‐intron in the raspberry PGIP (Ramanathan et al ., 1997) shares a homology of only 29% with that of strawberry. Most of the fruit PGIPs characterised so far, including apple and pear PGIP, nevertheless, do not have an intron.…”

“…Its identity was confirmed by structural data and by its close homology with other characterised PGIPs. Strawberry PGIP showed a high degree of similarity with PGIPs previously isolated from related fruit species, such as apple (Yao et al ., 1999), pear (Stotz et al ., 1993) and especially raspberry (Ramanathan et al ., 1997), where the similarity between the deduced protein sequences was 86%.…”

“…In apple (Yao et al ., 1999), the expression of a monitored PGIP was at a higher level in mature, harvested apples relative to immature fruit. In raspberry, a low constitutive expression was observed from green to red fruit (Ramanathan et al ., 1997).…”

Identification of Fusarium Moniliformin PG Inhibitor using Comparitive Bioinformatics Studies of PGIP of Pharsalus vulgaris and its Neighbours of LRR Superfamily

“…The mature PGIP is characterized by the presence of 10 repeats, each derived from modifications of a 24-amino acid leucine-rich peptide. The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) element matches the extra cytoplasmic consensus GxIPxxLxxLxxLxxLxLxxNxLx [12], also found in several R genes, which participate in gene-for-gene resistance [13]. LRR is a versatile structural motif responsible for many protein-protein interactions and involved in many different cell functions such as receptor dimerization, domain repulsion, regulation of adhesion and binding events [14].…”