CD133
            <sup>+</sup>
            neural stem cells in the ependyma of mammalian postnatal forebrain

Coskun, Volkan; Wu, Hao; Blanchi, Bruno; Tsao, Sean; Kim, Kevin; Zhao, Jing; Biancotti, Juan Carlos; Hutnick, Leah; Krueger, Richard C.; Fan, Guoping; Vellis, Jean de; Sun, Yi

doi:10.1073/pnas.0710000105

Cited by 296 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For example, a recent study suggested that neural stem cells in the adult SVZ were CD133+/CD24-cells in contact with the ventricle 8 . Based on their immunostaining in sections, these authors claimed that these cells were a subpopulation of multiciliated ependymal cells.…”

Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Subventricular Zone En-face: Wholemount Staining and Ependymal Flow

Mirzadeh¹,

Doetsch²,

Sawamoto³

et al. 2010

JoVE

160

145

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The walls of the lateral ventricles contain the largest germinal region in the adult mammalian brain. The subventricular zone (SVZ) in these walls is an extensively studied model system for understanding the behavior of neural stem cells and the regulation of adult neurogenesis. Traditionally, these studies have relied on classical sectioning techniques for histological analysis. Here we present an alternative approach, the wholemount technique, which provides a comprehensive, en-face view of this germinal region. Compared to sections, wholemounts preserve the complete cytoarchitecture and cellular relationships within the SVZ. This approach has recently revealed that the adult neural stem cells, or type B1 cells, are part of a mixed neuroepithelium with differentiated ependymal cells lining the lateral ventricles. In addition, this approach has been used to study the planar polarization of ependymal cells and the cerebrospinal fluid flow they generate in the ventricle. With recent evidence that adult neural stem cells are a heterogeneous population that is regionally specified, the wholemount approach will likely be an essential tool for understanding the organization and parcellation of this stem cell niche.

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Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Subventricular Zone En-face: Wholemount Staining and Ependymal Flow

Mirzadeh¹,

Doetsch²,

Sawamoto³

et al. 2010

JoVE

160

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Whereas the dentate gyrus generates granule neurons for the local hippocampal circuitry, the subventricular zone (SVZ) produces multiple interneuron types within the olfactory network. The cellular composition of the SVZ has been characterized in detail and specialized astrocytes are NSCs (Doetsch et al, 1999b;Johansson et al, 1999;Morshead et al, 2003;Coskun et al, 2008;Meletis et al, 2008;Carlén et al, 2009). SVZ NSCs are a heterogeneous cell population and their spatial distribution correlates with distinct cellular fates (Kohwi et al, 2007;Merkle et al, 2007;Young et al, 2007a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurogenic Subventricular Zone Stem/Progenitor Cells Are Notch1-Dependent in Their Active But Not Quiescent State

Basak

Giachino²,

Fiorini³

et al. 2012

J. Neurosci.

149

158

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The adult mammalian forebrain contains neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs) that generate neurons throughout life. As in other somatic stem cell systems, NSCs are proposed to be predominantly quiescent and proliferate only sporadically to produce more committed progeny. However, quiescence has recently been shown not to be an essential criterion for stem cells. It is not known whether NSCs show differences in molecular dependence based on their proliferation state. The subventricular zone (SVZ) of the adult mouse brain has a remarkable capacity for repair by activation of NSCs. The molecular interplay controlling adult NSCs during neurogenesis or regeneration is not clear but resolving these interactions is critical in order to understand brain homeostasis and repair. Using conditional genetics and fate mapping, we show that Notch signaling is essential for neurogenesis in the SVZ. By mosaic analysis, we uncovered a surprising difference in Notch dependence between active neurogenic and regenerative NSCs. While both active and regenerative NSCs depend upon canonical Notch signaling, Notch1-deletion results in a selective loss of active NSCs (aNSCs). In sharp contrast, quiescent NSCs (qNSCs) remain after Notch1 ablation until induced during regeneration or aging, whereupon they become Notch1-dependent and fail to fully reinstate neurogenesis. Our results suggest that Notch1 is a key component of the adult SVZ niche, promoting maintenance of aNSCs, and that this function is compensated in qNSCs. Therefore, we confirm the importance of Notch signaling for maintaining NSCs and neurogenesis in the adult SVZ and reveal that NSCs display a selective reliance on Notch1 that may be dictated by mitotic state.

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“…Brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs) have been enriched by looking for expression of the neural stem cell (NSC) marker CD133, also known as prominin-1 or AC133 [4,5,12,13]. CD133 + tumor cells can initiate neurospheres, which exhibit self-renewal, differentiation, and proliferation resembling that of normal NSCs [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%