CCSC: A Composite Seismicity Catalog for Earthquake Hazard Assessment in Major Canadian Cities

Fereidoni, Azadeh; Atkinson, Gail M.; Macias, Miguel; Goda, Katsuichiro

doi:10.1785/gssrl.83.1.179

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We obtained this by a careful compilation of novel and published seismic catalogs encompassing most of western, central, and eastern Canada in addition to the Northern part of the contiguous United States (see Figure 1 and Table S2). The bulk of the data set came from the published 2011 Canadian Composite Seismicity Catalog (Fereidoni et al., 2012) which includes both historical and instrumentally recorded earthquakes with homogenized moment‐magnitude estimates compiled from several sources (e.g., Adams & Halchuk, 2003; Petersen et al., 2016; J. P. Ristau, 2004). We also include more recent earthquake records from the Composite Alberta Seismicity Catalog which includes earthquakes in Alberta and northeastern British Columbia with moment magnitudes from different agencies (Cui & Atkinson, 2016; Fereidoni & Cui, 2015; Novakovic & Atkinson, 2015; Stern et al., 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bulk of the data set came from the published 2011 Canadian Composite Seismicity Catalog (Fereidoni et al., 2012) which includes both historical and instrumentally recorded earthquakes with homogenized moment‐magnitude estimates compiled from several sources (e.g., Adams & Halchuk, 2003; Petersen et al., 2016; J. P. Ristau, 2004). We also include more recent earthquake records from the Composite Alberta Seismicity Catalog which includes earthquakes in Alberta and northeastern British Columbia with moment magnitudes from different agencies (Cui & Atkinson, 2016; Fereidoni & Cui, 2015; Novakovic & Atkinson, 2015; Stern et al., 2013). To increase the number of small‐magnitude earthquakes included in the study, we compute moment magnitudes for about 16,000 small‐magnitude earthquakes ( M ≤ 4) contained in the Natural Resources Canada's (NRCan) online catalog and the earthquake catalog of Visser et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Earthquake Catalogmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P. Ristau, 2004). We also include more recent earthquake records from the Composite Alberta Seismicity Catalog which includes earthquakes in Alberta and northeastern British Columbia with moment magnitudes from different agencies (Cui & Atkinson, 2016;Fereidoni & Cui, 2015;Novakovic & Atkinson, 2015;Stern et al, 2013). To increase the number of small-magnitude earthquakes included in the study, we compute moment magnitudes for about 16,000 small-magnitude earthquakes (M ≤ 4) contained in the Natural Resources Canada's (NRCan) online catalog and the earthquake catalog of Visser et al (2017) using the Pseudo Spectral Acceleration method of Atkinson et al (2014).…”

Section: Earthquake Catalogmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strain Accumulation and Release Rate in Canada: Implications for Long‐Term Crustal Deformation and Earthquake Hazards

et al. 2021

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To advance the understanding of crustal deformation and earthquake hazards in Canada, we analyze seismic and geodetic data sets and robustly estimate the crust strain accumulation and release rate by earthquakes. We find that less than 20% of the accumulated strain is released by earthquakes across the study area providing evidence for large‐scale aseismic deformation. We attribute this to glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) in eastern Canada, where predictions from the GIA model account for most of the observed discrepancy between the seismic and the geodetic moment rates. In western Canada, only a small percentage (<20%) of the discrepancy can be attributed to GIA‐related deformation. We suspect that this may reflect the inaccuracy of the GIA model to account for heterogeneity in Earth structure or indicate that the present‐day effect of GIA in western Canada is limited due to the fast response of the upper mantle to the deglaciation of the Cordillera Ice Sheet. At locations of previously identified seismic source zones, we speculate that the unreleased strain is been stored cumulatively in the crust and will be released as earthquakes in the future. The Gutenberg‐Richter model predicts, however, that the recurrence interval can vary significantly in Canada, ranging from decades near plate boundary zones in the west to thousands of years in the stable continental interior. Our attempt to quantify the GIA‐induced deformation provides the necessary first step for the integration of geodetic strain rates in seismic hazard analysis in Canada.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Earthquake Catalogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Earthquake Catalogmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strain Accumulation and Release Rate in Canada: Implications for Long‐Term Crustal Deformation and Earthquake Hazards

et al. 2021

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“…In some cases, smaller earthquakes are initially recorded using a convenient magnitude scale based on the waveform information available and then converted to moment magnitudes using empirical relations (e.g. Fereidoni et al, 2012). It is worth noting that most magnitude scales, including moment magnitude, are logarithmic.…”

Section: Study Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Modeling and Characterization of Induced Seismicity Within the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin

2020

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In western Canada, there has been an increase in seismic activity linked to anthropogenic energy-related operations including conventional hydrocarbon production, wastewater fluid injection and more recently hydraulic fracturing (HF). Statistical modeling and characterization of the space, time and magnitude distributions of the seismicity clusters is vital for a better understanding of induced earthquake processes and development of predictive models. In this work, a statistical analysis of the seismicity in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin was performed across past and present time periods by utilizing a compiled earthquake catalogue for Alberta and eastern British Columbia. Specifically, the frequency-magnitude statistics were analyzed using the Gutenberg-Richter (GR) relation. The clustering of seismicity was studied using the Nearest-Neighbour Distance (NND) method and the Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model. The obtained results suggest that recent regional changes in the NND distributions, namely a disproportionate increase in loosely and tightly clustered seismic activity over time, are unnatural and likely due to the rise in HF operations for the development of unconventional resources. It is concluded that both these loosely and tightly clustered earthquake subpopulations differ measurably from what may be the region's tectonic seismic activity. Additionally, HF treatments have a greater probability of triggering swarm-like sequences that sharply spike the seismicity rate and are characterized by steeper frequencymagnitude distributions. Conventional production and wastewater disposal operations largely trigger loosely clustered activity with more typical magnitude-occurrence rates.

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Mapping Seismic Hazard for Canadian Sites Using Spatially Smoothed Seismicity Model

Feng,

Hong

2023

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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The estimated seismic hazard based on the delineated seismic source model is used as the basis to assign the seismic design loads in Canadian structural design codes. An alternative for the estimation is based on a spatially smoothed source model. However, a quantification of differences in the Canadian seismic hazard maps (CanSHMs) obtained based on the delineated seismic source model and spatially smoothed model is unavailable. The quantification is valuable to identify epistemic uncertainty in the estimated seismic hazard and the degree of uncertainty in the CanSHMs. In the present study, we developed seismic source models using spatial smoothing and historical earthquake catalogue. We quantified the differences in the estimated Canadian seismic hazard by considering the delineated source model and spatially smoothed source models. For the development of the spatially smoothed seismic source models, we considered spatial kernel smoothing techniques with or without adaptive bandwidth. The results indicate that the use of the delineated seismic source model could lead to under or over-estimation of the seismic hazard as compared to those estimated based on spatially smoothed seismic source models. This suggests that an epistemic uncertainty caused by the seismic source models should be considered to map the seismic hazard.

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CCSC: A Composite Seismicity Catalog for Earthquake Hazard Assessment in Major Canadian Cities

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Strain Accumulation and Release Rate in Canada: Implications for Long‐Term Crustal Deformation and Earthquake Hazards

Strain Accumulation and Release Rate in Canada: Implications for Long‐Term Crustal Deformation and Earthquake Hazards

Statistical Modeling and Characterization of Induced Seismicity Within the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin

Mapping Seismic Hazard for Canadian Sites Using Spatially Smoothed Seismicity Model

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