Cavity-polariton dispersion and polarization splitting in single and coupled semiconductor microcavities

Under the right conditions, cavity polaritons form a macroscopic condensate in the ground state. The fascinating nonlinear behaviour of this condensate is largely dictated by the strength of polariton-polariton interactions. In inorganic semiconductors, these result principally from the Coulomb interaction between Wannier-Mott excitons. Such interactions are considerably weaker for the tightly bound Frenkel excitons characteristic of organic semiconductors and were notably absent in the first reported demonstration of organic polariton lasing. In this work, we demonstrate the realization of an organic polariton condensate, at room temperature, in a microcavity containing a thin film of 2,7-bis[9,9-di(4-methylphenyl)-fluoren-2-yl]-9,9-di(4-methylphenyl)fluorene. Upon reaching threshold, we observe the spontaneous formation of a linearly polarized condensate, which exhibits a superlinear power dependence, long-range order and a power dependent blue shift: a clear signature of Frenkel polariton interactions. 2The last decade has seen the study of the quantum fluidic behaviour of light flourish. 1 One branch of this field has focused on exploiting the properties of cavity polaritons:hybrid light-matter quasiparticles formed in semiconductor microcavities. 2 The substantial interest in strongly coupled semiconductor microcavities stems principally from the possibility to impart weakly interacting cavity photons with a strongly interacting matter component inherited from the exciton. On one hand, this matter component enhances energetic relaxation towards the polariton ground state by allowing interactions with phonons and other polaritons. 3,4 On the other hand, the nonlinearity inherited from the exciton gives rise to the hydrodynamic behaviour of polaritons. 5,6, 7,8,9,10,11 Polaritons have a finite lifetime, determined principally by their photonic component, beyond which they decay through the cavity mirrors. If relaxation is efficient enough, however, a macroscopic population can be accumulated in a single state-often the ground state-via bosonic final state stimulation. 12, 13,14 The threshold corresponding to this process, termed polariton lasing, can be significantly below that required for conventional photon lasing. The resulting macroscopically occupied state then behaves as a non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensate of polaritons. 15,16 Although polariton lasing has been mainly observed at low temperature due to the small binding energy typical of Wannier-Mott excitons, 13 recent developments have led to room temperature demonstrations in III-nitrides and ZnO. 17,18,19,20 Frenkel excitons possess binding energies of ~ 1 eV and are thus highly stable at room temperature. 21 Organic polariton lasing was first demonstrated in microcavities containing anthracene single-crystals. 22,23 3The nonlinear character of polariton condensates leads to a wealth of fascinating phenomena such as superfluidity and the formation of dark solitons and vortices. 7,8,9,10,11 This nonlinearity, which in a microscopic pi...

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“…45. The cavity photon dispersion E ph ( ) is approximated using a single effective index such that E ph θ…”

Section: Coupled Harmonic Oscillator Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear interactions in an organic polariton condensate

et al. 2014

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“…The effective Larmor precession vector Ω k lies in the cavity plane. It has two contributions, one with a fixed direction results from the structural anisotropy [1,[6][7][8], another containing the second angular harmonics describes TE-TM splitting of the eigenmodes in ideal microcavities:…”

Section: Optical Spin Hall Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is widely accepted that the spin splitting of the polariton states can result from the longitudinal-transverse * Electronic address: glazov@coherent.ioffe.ru (TE-TM) splitting of the cavity mode [2,6]. This splitting is strongly wavevector dependent, and it has a symmetry of second angular harmonics because the polariton spin flip is accompanied by the angular momentum change by ±2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin and transport effects in quantum microcavities with polarization splitting

Glazov¹,

Golub²

2010

Phys. Rev. B

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Transport properties of exciton-polaritons in anisotropic quantum microcavities are considered theoretically. Microscopic symmetry of the structure is taken into account by allowing for both the longitudinal-transverse (TE-TM) and anisotropic splitting of polariton states. The splitting is equivalent to an effective magnetic field acting on polariton pseudospin, and polarization conversion in microcavities is shown to be caused by an interplay of exciton-polariton spin precession and elastic scattering. In addition, we considered the spin-dependent interference of polaritons leading to weak localization and calculated coherent backscattering intensities in different polarizations. Our findings are in a very good agreement with the recent experimental data.

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“…is quite large compared to the typical Rabi-splitting values, 9 and we may consider the exciton coupling with a single optical mode. This allows us to rewrite Eq.…”

Section: ͑30͒mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10] By providing a substantial enhancement of light-matter interaction, microcavities make possible an experimental investigation of various fundamental effects, such as the propagation of two-dimensional exciton-polaritons, 9 vacuum field Rabi splitting, 11 enhancement of spontaneous emission, 12 etc. The interaction of quasi-one-and quasi-zero-dimensional photons with excitons has been a subject of considerable interest in the scientific community in the last decade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exciton polaritons in a cylindrical microcavity with an embedded quantum wire

et al. 2000

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Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Exciton-light coupling in cylindrical microcavities containing quantum wires has been treated by means of classical electrodynamics within the nonlocal dielectric response model. A typical anticrossing behavior of quasi-one-dimensional exciton-polariton modes has been obtained, as well as the weak-coupling-strongcoupling threshold. Effects of the nonradiative damping of the exciton resonance in the quantum wire on the optical response of the microcavity structure have been analyzed.

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Cavity-polariton dispersion and polarization splitting in single and coupled semiconductor microcavities

Cited by 76 publications

References 66 publications

Nonlinear interactions in an organic polariton condensate

Nonlinear interactions in an organic polariton condensate

Spin and transport effects in quantum microcavities with polarization splitting

Exciton polaritons in a cylindrical microcavity with an embedded quantum wire

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