Cavity Formation in Confined Growing Crystals

Köhler, Felix; Gagliardi, Luca; Pierre-Louis, Olivier; Dysthe, Dag Kristian

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.121.096101

Cited by 12 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…[5]. Our experimental observations and associated analyses are fully consistent with the existence of the film (see also the recent work [22] where the film thickness between a crystal in a solution and a glass plate could be measured using an interference method). Finally, our experiments have also led to identify and analyze a new phenomenon, the hyperslow drying process of PDMS channels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Since the experimental observation indicates that the transverse growth is quite localized at the edge of the crystal front face the results plotted in Fig.6 suggests that the film thickness is closer to 10 nm than 100 nm. This is consistent with the thicknesses reported in [22] where another interesting situation where transport phenomena in the film control the growth of a confined crystal is analyzed. As explained in SI Appendix F the ion mass fraction at the entrance of the film (x = Lc(t)) is estimated from the measured growth rate of the crystal and Eq.(2).…”

Section: Fig4 Crystal Front Face Position As a Function Of Time Cosupporting

confidence: 91%

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Direct observation of pore collapse and tensile stress generation on pore walls due to salt crystallization in a PDMS channel

2019

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The generation of stress in a pore due to salt crystallization is generally analysed as a compressive stress generation mechanism using the concept of crystallization pressure. We report on a completely different stress generation mechanism. In contrast with the classical picture where the crystal pushes the pore wall, the crystal growth leads to the generation of a local tensile stress. This tensile stress occurs next to a region where a compressive stress is generated, thus inducing also shear stresses. The tensile stress generation is attributed to capillary effects in the thin film confined between the crystal and the pore wall. These findings are obtained from direct optical observations in model pores where the tensile stress generation results in the collapse of the pore region located between the crystal and the pore dead-end. The experiments also reveal other interesting phenomena, such as the hyperslow drying in PDMS channels or the asymmetrical growth of the crystal during the collapse.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Fig4 Crystal Front Face Position As a Function Of Time Cosupporting

confidence: 91%

Direct observation of pore collapse and tensile stress generation on pore walls due to salt crystallization in a PDMS channel

2019

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“…Smooth contacts also tend to slow down or stop growing upwards after a certain time. In a recent, similar study, we find, for NaClO 3 , dz/dr to be about 16% on average [25]. 4.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 79%

“…where the first fraction comprises the experimental observables, the second fraction (diffusion coefficient and ratio of solid and liquid densities) is specific to the crystal and Ω = (c − Recent experiments on the ionic crystal NaClO 3 , which has a solubility c 0 more than 1000-times larger than CaCO 3 , show that the ratio β = 1-2 depending on the diffusion coefficient used [25]. This means that although the growth rates are a factor 1000 different and w is around 100 µm for NaClO 3 and 4 µm for CaCO 3 , the ratio between the expected rim-widths is only β CaCO 3 /β NaClO 3 = 4-5.…”

Section: Rim Widths Of Smooth Rimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Calcite in Confinement

Köhler

Røyne

et al. 2017

Crystals

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Slow growth of calcite in confinement is abundant in Nature and man-made materials. There is ample evidence that such confined growth may create forces that fracture solids. The thermodynamic limits are well known, but since confined crystal growth is transport limited and difficult to control in experiments, we have almost no information on the mechanisms or limits of these processes. We present a novel approach to the in situ study of confined crystal growth using microfluidics for accurate control of the saturation state of the fluid and interferometric measurement of the topography of the growing confined crystal surface. We observe and quantify diffusion-limited confined growth rims and explain them with a mass balance model. We have quantified and modeled crystals "floating" on a fluid film of 25-50 nm in thickness due to the disjoining pressure. We find that there are two end-member nanoconfined growth behaviors: (1) smooth and (2) rough intermittent growth, the latter being faster than the former. The intermittent growth rims have regions of load-bearing contacts that move around the rim causing the crystal to "wobble" its way upwards. We present strong evidence that the transition from smooth to rough is a generic confinement-induced instability not limited to calcite.

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“…When the substrate is impermeable, growth can still occur at the surface of the crystal facing the substrate if a liquid film is present between the crystal and the substrate. Recent theoretical and experimental studies [7,8] have pointed out that in these conditions, a cavity can form on the confined crystal surface. The cavity forms due to an insufficient supply of growth units in the center of the contact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confined growth with slow surface kinetics: A thin film model approach

Gagliardi

Pierre-Louis

2019

Journal of Crystal Growth

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Recent experimental and theoretical investigations of crystal growth from solution in the vicinity of an impermeable wall have shown that: (i) growth can be maintained within the contact region when a liquid film is present between the crystal and the substrate; (ii) a cavity can form in the center of the contact region due to insufficient supply of mass through the liquid film. Here, we investigate the influence of surface kinetics on these phenomena using a thin film model. First, we determine the growth rate within the confined region in the absence of a cavity. Growth within the contact induces a drift of the crystal away from the substrate. Our results suggest novel strategies to measure surface kinetic coefficients based on the observation of this drift. For the specific case where growth is controlled by surface kinetics outside the contact, we show that the total displacement of the crystal due to the growth in the contact is finite. As a consequence, the growth shape approaches asymptotically the free growth shape truncated by a plane passing through the center of the crystal. Second, we investigate the conditions under which a cavity forms. The critical supersaturation above which the cavity forms is found to be larger for slower surface kinetics. In addition, the critical supersaturation decays as a power law of the contact size. The asymptotic value of the critical supersaturation and the exponent of the decay are found to be different for attractive and repulsive disjoining pressures. Finally, our previous representation of the transition within a morphology diagram appears to be uninformative in the limit of slow surface kinetics. Crystal SUBSTRATE Crystal F z < l a t e x i t s h a 1 _ b a s e 6 4 = " P L S e 1 5 N D 2 W B x m S b u H F 6 1 A r 2 L P W o = " > A A A B 9 X i c b V D L S g N B E O z 1 G e M r 6 t H L Y B A 8 h V 0 R 9 C Q B Q T x G N A 9 I l j A 7 6 c Q h s w 9 m e p W 4 5 B O 8 6 s m b e P V 7 P P g v 7 q 5 7 0 M Q 6 F V X d d H V 5 k Z K G b P v T W l h c W l 5 Z L a 2 V 1 z c 2 t 7 Y r O 7 s t E 8 Z a Y F O E K t Q d j x t U M s A m S V L Y i T R y 3 1 P Y 9 s Y X m d + + R 2 1 k G N z S J E L X 5 6 N A D q X g l E o 3 l / 3 H f q V q 1 + w c b J 4 4 B a l C g U a / 8 t U b h C L 2 M S C h u D F d x 4 7 I T b g m K R R O y 7 3 Y Y M T F m I + w m 9 K A + 2 j c J I 8 6 Z Y e x 4 R S y C D W T i u U i / t 5 I u G / M x P f S S Z / T n Z n 1 M v E / r x v T 8 M x N Z B D F h I H I D p F U m B 8 y Q s u 0 A 2 Q D q Z G I Z 8 m R y Y A J r j k R a s m 4 E K k Y p 6 W U 0 z 6 c 2 e / n S e u 4 5 t g 1 5 / q k W j 8 v m i n B P h z A E T h w C n W 4 g g Y 0 Q c A I n u A Z X q w H 6 9 V 6 s 9 5 / R h e s Y m c P / s D 6 + A b U e J I 4 < / l a t e x i t > < l a t e x i t s h a 1 _ b a s e 6 4 = " P L S e 1 5 N D 2 W B x m S b u H F 6 1 A r 2 L P W o = " > A A A B 9 X i c b V D L S g N B E O z 1 G e M r 6 t H L Y B A 8 h V 0 R 9 C Q B Q T x G N A 9 I l j A 7 6 c Q h s w 9 m e p W 4 5 B O 8 6 s m b e P V 7 P P g v 7 q 5 7 0 Ma s m 4 E K k Y p 6 W U 0 z 6 c 2 e / n S e u 4 5 t g 1 5 / q k W ...

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Cavity Formation in Confined Growing Crystals

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Direct observation of pore collapse and tensile stress generation on pore walls due to salt crystallization in a PDMS channel

Direct observation of pore collapse and tensile stress generation on pore walls due to salt crystallization in a PDMS channel

Growth of Calcite in Confinement

Confined growth with slow surface kinetics: A thin film model approach

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