Cavitation experiments with water in a steel Berthelot tube

Abstract

The subjection of liquids to tension using the Berthelot tube method has been carried out by Temperley and Chambers (1946) and a number of subsequent workers. A common feature in all this work is the wide scatter obtained in the breaking tensions for a given specimen of the test liquid. A new type of investigation is described in which various thermal and mechanical variations were introduced into the method in order to study the effect on the measured breaking tensions, but the results still show a large scatter. Secondly, the role of surface nucleation sites in this matter is considered and a possible mechanism to explain this larger scatter is proposed.

Tensile strength experiments with water using a new type of Berthelot tube

“…Turning now to the histogram in figure 3, it shows that breaking tensions of less than 5 atm were not obtained. By contrast, values much lower than 5 atm were obtained by Richards and Trevena (1976) and by Overton and Trevena (1980). The absence of these lower values in the present work must, we believe, be ascribed to the initial evacuation of the apparatus.…”

“…Cavitation experiments with water in a steel Berthelot tube have been described by Richards and Trevena (1976) and by Overton and Trevena (1980). In both cases the growth of tension in the enclosed liquid was monitored continuously by means of a pressure transducer attached to one end of the tube.…”

Cavitation nuclei in water exposed to transient pressures

“…A tendency to a higher tensile strength at high P m (high rate of tension increase) than at low P m (low rate of tension increase) is noticed, cf. Overton & Trevena (1980, 1982.…”

Importance of Sonochemistry and Solution Conditions on the Acoustic Cavitation Activity

“…1 is a simplified summary of the various processes that a bubble can undergo in an acoustic field. The pressure threshold for acoustic cavitation is well below the tensile strength of water; therefore, the general consensus to the cause of cavitation is from existing gas nuclei in the liquid [1,4] such as small gas bubbles stabilized against dissolution by a skin of organic impurities [5], gases trapped in motes [6], or crevices in solid surfaces [7,8]. Degassing and filtering have shown to increase the cavitation threshold [6], which provided evidence to support the theory for the preexisting gas nuclei in liquids as the inception of cavitation.…”