Cavitation erosion of composites — a materials perspective

Bhagat, R. B.

doi:10.1007/bf01689327

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Selection of matrix material: The Fe-based amorphous alloys are most attractive in terms of matrix material for cavitation resistance. This is due to the combination of excellent properties like good glass-forming ability (amorphous-to-crystalline phase transformation upon loading), 8 high hardness, and relatively low material cost. However, Fe-based alloy exhibits poor corrosion resistance, 49 but the Co- and Ni-based alloy coatings can prove to be excellent against the corrosive environment.…”

Section: Materials and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The insufficient hardness of these stainless steel grades makes them more prone to cavitation damage. 7 Consequently, the development of more cavitation-resistant materials 8 and the application of various surface modification techniques 9 came into existence to mitigate cavitation erosion. A lot is reported on improving the cavitation erosion resistance (CER) by employing several surface coating/cladding of numerous materials on stainless steel substrates (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cavitation erosion behavior of microwave-processed Ni–40Cr₃C₂ composite clads: A parametric investigation using ultrasonic apparatus

Mago

Bansal

Gupta

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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Cavitation erosion is the primary cause of material failure of the hydroelectric power plant components. The rapid development in the advanced surface engineering techniques has provided an effective treatment solution for cavitation erosion. One such novel method is microwave cladding. Hence, the Ni–40Cr3C2 composite clad was deposited on austenitic stainless steel (SS-316) using a microwave cladding process in the present study. The processing was carried out in a domestic microwave oven of 2.45 GHz frequency and 900 W power. The developed clad was thoroughly characterized for the metallurgical and mechanical properties related to its behavior as a successful cavitation erosion resistance material, like microstructure, crystal structure, porosity, microhardness, flexural strength, and fracture toughness. The results showed that the stripe-type and agglomerated carbides were present in the Ni–40Cr3C2 clad. The developed composite clad consists of various carbides (SiC, Ni3C, Cr3Ni2SiC, Cr7C3, and NiC) and intermetallic phases (Ni3Fe, Ni2Si, and Cr3Si). Microhardness, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of the microwave-processed clad were observed to be 605 ± 80 HV0.3, 813.23 ± 16.2 MPa, and 7.44 ± 0.2 MPa√m, respectively. The microwave-processed composite clad performance in terms of cavitation erosion resistance was determined using the ultrasonic apparatus (ASTM-G32-17). The cavitation experiments were carried out according to Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, taking into account three parameters: standoff distance, amplitude, and immersion depth. The developed composite clad exhibited significant resistance (mass loss 7.6 times lesser as compared to SS-316) to cavitation erosion. ANOVA results showed the standoff distance as the most important factor followed by amplitude and immersion depth. Least cavitation resistance was observed at a smaller standoff distance, higher amplitude, and lower immersion depth. Linear regression equations were obtained to establish the correlation between parameters and cumulative mass loss. The microwave clad specimens tested at optimized test parameters were damaged in the form of fractured intermetallic, extruded lips, pits, and craters.

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Section: Materials and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation erosion behavior of microwave-processed Ni–40Cr₃C₂ composite clads: A parametric investigation using ultrasonic apparatus

Mago

Bansal

Gupta

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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“…The erosion rate of the specimen Ni-Al is very low compared to AR-420. Bhagat 24 reported that the incubation time for various metals and alloys increases with increasing hardness. The Ni-Al-WC-2 eroded away quickly compared to the Ni-Al-WC-1 due to the presence of surface cracks which acted as initiation sites for cavitation.…”

Section: Mean and Normalized Erosion Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser clad WC reinforced Ni-based intermetallic-matrix composites to improve cavitation erosion resistance

Duraiselvam

Galun

Wesling

et al. 2006

Journal of Laser Applications

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Process window and mechanism of surface property enhancement of 9Cr18 steel using plasma immersion ion implantation J.Nickel aluminide intermetallic coatings ͑IC͒ and nickel aluminide intermetallic matrix composite ͑IMC͒ coatings with a WC particulate reinforcement were successfully clad onto AISI 420 Martensitic stainless steel using a 4 kW Nd:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser with rotary-disk powder feeding of Ni/ Al powder and a Ni/ Al+ WC powder mixture, respectively. Under optimized processing with pre-and postheat treatment conditions, the nickel aluminide clad layers were free of cracks and pores. The microstructure of the IMC was mainly composed of reprecipitated and refined WC particles dispersed uniformly throughout the Ni-Al matrix with a few partially dissolved and undissolved WC particles. The average hardness of the IC was increased from 330 HV 0.2 to 420 HV 0.2 by the WC reinforcement. The normalized cavitation erosion resistance ͑R e n ͒ of the IC and IMC were about 5.2 and 284 times that of the stainless steel substrate, respectively. The superior cavitation erosion resistance of the laser clad layers were explained in terms of microstructure, microhardness and work hardenability.

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“…However, exposed to a large amount of cavitation energy, metallic structures undertake surface deformations and phase changes as R. B. Bhagat [4] reported. Furthermore, P. Diodati [5] emphasized that starting from an elemental system, like pure graphite system, it was possible to produce various compounds with different atomic arrangements as well as shapes only due to strong cavitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Design and development of megasonic system and its application to PZT nano powder dispersion

Peng

Wang

2009

International Technology and Innovation Conference 2009 (ITIC 2009)

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Although ultrasonic cavitation provides various applications for ultrasound, its inherent disadvantages can not be neglected. In ultrasonic dispersion process, ultrasound, in a frequency of 20 to 80 kHz, causes damages to materials due to excessive cavitation and inferior self-guidance. In order to alleviate cavitation and help the acoustic field focus, a novel megasonic implementing system has been designed and developed. It consists of a megasonic transducer and a Mega-Hertz power supply. The transducer is constructed in the form of cylindrical tube with a round piece of PZT-8 piezoelectric ceramic. The power supply provides sinusoidal voltage and current outputs at oscillating frequency ranging from 630 kHz to 650 kHz. The transducer consumes an electrical power of over 400W. The acoustic pressure is measured within the range of 2.86 MPa to 8.92 MPa by a PVDF sensor. Experimental results of Megasonic dispersion of PZT nano powder manifest the conglomeration prevention effect, which is characterized by Thermal Field Emission SEM (TFE-SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and the stable constitution of PZT nano particle through treatment, which is confirmed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD).

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Cavitation erosion of composites — a materials perspective

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Cavitation erosion behavior of microwave-processed Ni–40Cr₃C₂ composite clads: A parametric investigation using ultrasonic apparatus

Cavitation erosion behavior of microwave-processed Ni–40Cr₃C₂ composite clads: A parametric investigation using ultrasonic apparatus

Laser clad WC reinforced Ni-based intermetallic-matrix composites to improve cavitation erosion resistance

Design and development of megasonic system and its application to PZT nano powder dispersion

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Cavitation erosion of composites — a materials perspective

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Cavitation erosion behavior of microwave-processed Ni–40Cr3C2 composite clads: A parametric investigation using ultrasonic apparatus

Cavitation erosion behavior of microwave-processed Ni–40Cr3C2 composite clads: A parametric investigation using ultrasonic apparatus

Laser clad WC reinforced Ni-based intermetallic-matrix composites to improve cavitation erosion resistance

Design and development of megasonic system and its application to PZT nano powder dispersion

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Cavitation erosion behavior of microwave-processed Ni–40Cr₃C₂ composite clads: A parametric investigation using ultrasonic apparatus

Cavitation erosion behavior of microwave-processed Ni–40Cr₃C₂ composite clads: A parametric investigation using ultrasonic apparatus