Caveolin‐1 as a possible target in the treatment for acne

Abstract

Expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an important pathophysiological factor in acne.Cav-1 strongly interacts with such well-recognized etiopathogenic factors such as hyperseborrhea, follicular hyperkeratinization and pathogenicity of Cutibacterium acnes. Cav-1 is a strong negative regulator of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) expression. It acts as a critical determinant of autophagy, which is significantly induced in acne lesions through C. acnes and by absorption of fatty acids. Cav-1 also demonstrates different correlations with the development of innate immunity. We propose that normalization of Cav-1 expression can serve as a target in anti-acne therapy. K E Y W O R D Sacne, autophagy, C. acnes, caveolin, follicular hyperkeratinization, hyperseborrhea, innate immunity, pathophysiology

Dermal adipocytes contribute to the metabolic regulation of dermal fibroblasts

“…[4,5] It was previously described that during such volume oscillations, which are strictly correlated to the hair follicle (HF) cycle, dermal adipocytes can release lipids into the extracellular space. [4,6] However, the relevance of this release for neighbouring dermal cells is still poorly understood. A recent report stated that activation of lipolysis in dermal adipocytes during skin repair is necessary for dedifferentiation of these cells, for the induction of inflammatory macrophages and ultimately for the generation of myofibroblasts from dedifferentiated adipocytes.…”

Caveolin as a Universal Target in Dermatology

“…Since Cav-1 is strongly involved both in uptake and efflux of lipids [41,42], these oscillations must correlate with the local Cav-1 content in the areas adjacent to the pilosebaceous units. This effect must make some pathological skin conditions HF-cycle-dependent [4]. Indeed, initiation of the acne lesions is connected with the catagen/telogen phases of the HF cycle [43].…”

“…In addition, direct physical interactions have been established between Cav-1 and some matrix metalloproteinases, heat shock proteins, toll-like and glucocorticoid receptors. Cav-1 is causally involved in processes such as collagen production, interaction of hyaluronan with plasma membranes, and the regulation of the autophagy [2][3][4][5]. Additionally, Cav-1 exists not only intracellularly, but it can be transported within the tissue, and even between adjacent tissues, via mechanisms involving exosomal exchange [6] providing a long-range distribution of this protein in the skin.…”

“…Recent findings demonstrate the involvement of Cav-1 in different hyperproliferative and inflammatory skin conditions, making this protein an important pathophysiological factor in psoriasis [2], hypertrophic scarring [3], and acne [4]. Cav-1 is also involved in wound healing, where it demonstrates a "biphasic" behavior: whereas cutaneous wound healing was found to be significantly slower in caveolin-1 knock out (Cav-1 KO) mice compared to their wild counterparts [7], the healing time in corneal epithelium linearly increased with increasing Cav-1 expression with aging [8].…”

“…Both stimulation and reduction of Cav-1 expression levels can be achieved with the same methods, by modulating their strength and time of application [2][3][4]. Cav-1 expression is not only a pathophysiological factor in different skin conditions, but can also serve as a target for their improvement.…”