Economic structure plays an essential role in distributing resources and
shaping the development trend of a country. Although it has become a topic
of interest for scholars, most studies focus on analyzing factors affecting
the structural transformation process but ignore the correlation in economic
structure between localities. This study explores this correlation through
the case of a country undergoing a remarkable economic restructuring
process-Vietnam. Based on the data from 2010 to 2019, the Moran?s index (I)
is used to assess the level of spatial correlation in the economic structure
of localities and the Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) is
analyzed to determine the specific locations where local spatial correlation
occurs. Research results show that the economic structure of localities is
unevenly distributed across geographical space. In addition, there exists a
spatial autocorrelation phenomenon in localities' economic structure for two
sectors-agriculture and industry. At the same time, there is no evidence to
show this for the service sector. This discovery confirms the necessity of
incorporating spatial factors in research related to economic structure to
avoid inaccurate conclusions. From a business perspective, based on the
findings of this research, companies can assess the level of competition,
risks, as well as business partnership opportunities in different areas, and
make appropriate investment decisions. The research results might also serve
government agencies regarding planning and functional zoning and formulating
and implementing development and economic restructuring policies for various
regions.