Cause-specific mortality in Swedish males diagnosed with non-psychotic mental disorders in late adolescence: a prospective population-based study

Henriksson, Malin; Nyberg, Jenny; Schiöler, Linus; Hensing, Gunnel; Kuhn, H. Georg; Söderberg, Mia; Löve, Jesper; Wærn, Margda; Åberg, Maria

doi:10.1136/jech-2018-210461

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The risk is not similar for all mental health problems, and the underlying causes of death can also vary [ 2 , 3 ]. Individuals suffering from severe mental disorders, especially psychotic disorders [ 4 ], depressive disorders [ 5 ], and comorbid substance use disorders [ 6 ], are at higher risk of mortality and significantly reduced life expectancy [ 7 ], and approximately 20 years of life is lost [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excess mortality in a cohort of Brazilian patients with a median follow-up of 11 years after the first psychiatric hospital admission

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Barros

et al. 2022

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose To estimate the mortality rates of a cohort of Brazilian patients after their first psychiatric admission and determine the possible risk factors associated with excess mortality. Methods The study included a cohort of psychiatric patients hospitalised from Jan 1, 2002 to Dec 31, 2007 in the catchment area of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo state, Brazil. Data were linked to deaths that occurred between Jan 1, 2002 and Dec 31, 2016 from the SEADE Foundation (state data analysis system of São Paulo). The mortality rate (MR), age-sex-standardised mortality ratio (SMR), life expectancy at birth, and years of life lost (YLL) were computed. The factors associated with mortality were analysed by survival analysis using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results Of 4019 patients admitted (54.76% male), 803 died (69.74% male) during the follow-up (median = 11.25 years). Mortality rates were approximately three-fold higher than expected (SMR = 2.90, 95% CI 2.71–3.11). The highest mortality rate was noted in men with alcohol-related disorders (SMR = 5.50, 95% CI 4.87–6.19). Male sex (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.62, 95% CI 1.37–1.92), higher age (aHR = 21.47, 95% CI 13.48–34.17), and unemployment (aHR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.05–1.43) significantly increased the mortality risk from all causes. The average YLL was 27.64 years with the highest YLL noted in nonalcohol substance-related disorders (39.22 years). The life expectancy at birth in this cohort was 47.27 years. Unnatural causes of death were associated with nonwhite skin colour and substance-related disorders. Conclusion An excess of mortality and a significant reduction in life expectancy of mentally disordered patients who were first admitted to psychiatric beds was noted, particularly patients admitted for substance-related disorders, which should represent a priority in mental health policies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excess mortality in a cohort of Brazilian patients with a median follow-up of 11 years after the first psychiatric hospital admission

Roza

Rezende

Barros

et al. 2022

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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“…Data were recorded as Wmax , Wmax/kg (1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005) or as fitness category . There were nine categories which we used as a measure of fitness, further categorizing them into "low" (score 1-3), "medium" (score 4-6) and "high" (score 7-9) [21,23,24]. The high fitness category was considered as the reference category for hazard ratio (HR) estimations.…”

Section: Cardiorespiratory Fitnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiorespiratory fitness in late adolescence and long-term risk of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis among Swedish men

et al. 2021

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Background Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated disease and psoriatic arthritis is a common coexisting condition. Cardiorespiratory fitness is the overall capacity to perform exertion exercise. Low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with negative health outcomes. Individuals with psoriasis have lower cardiorespiratory fitness compared with individuals without psoriasis. There are no previous studies exploring the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and new-onset psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Methods With the objective to investigate whether low cardiorespiratory fitness in late adolescence increases the risk for onset of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, a cohort of Swedish men in compulsory military service between 1968 and 2005 was created using data from the Swedish Military Service Conscription Register. Cardiorespiratory fitness, estimated by maximum capacity cycle ergometer testing at conscription, was divided into three groups: high, medium, and low. Diagnoses were obtained using the Swedish National Patient Register and cohort members were followed from conscription until an event, new-onset psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis, occurred, or at the latest until 31 December 2016. Cox regression models adjusted for confounders at conscription were used to obtain hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for incident psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Results During the follow-up period (median follow-up time 31 years, range 0–48 years), 20,679 cases of incident psoriasis and 6,133 cases of incident psoriatic arthritis were found among 1,228,562 men (mean age at baseline 18.3 years). There was a significant association between low cardiorespiratory fitness and incident psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (hazard ratio 1.35 (95% confidence interval 1.26–1.44) and 1.44 (95% confidence interval 1.28–1.63), respectively). Conclusions These novel findings suggest that low cardiorespiratory fitness at an early age is associated with increased risk of incident psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis among men, and highlight the importance of assessing cardiorespiratory fitness early in life.

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“…Additionally, co-morbidity with depression or other mental illnesses is common (2). Several reports reveal poorer physical health and shorter life expectancy among patients with anxiety disorders (4,5). Unfortunately, up to half of the patients do not receive enough symptom relief when treated with first-line treatments, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity Is Associated With Lower Long-Term Incidence of Anxiety in a Population-Based, Large-Scale Study

et al. 2021

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Physical activity may prevent anxiety, but the importance of exercise intensity, sex-specific mechanisms, and duration of the effects remains largely unknown. We used an observational study design to follow 395,369 individuals for up to 21 years to investigate if participation in an ultralong-distance cross-country ski race (Vasaloppet, up to 90 km) was associated with a lower risk of developing anxiety. Skiers in the race and matched non-skiers from the general population were studied after participation in the race using the Swedish population and patient registries. Skiers (n = 197,685, median age 36 years, 38% women) had a significantly lower risk of developing anxiety during the follow-up compared to non-skiers (adjusted hazard ratio, HR 0.42). However, among women, higher physical performance (measured as the finishing time to complete the race, a proxy for higher exercise dose) was associated with an increased risk of anxiety compared to slower skiing women (HR 2.00). For men, the finishing time of the race did not significantly impact the risk of anxiety. Our results support the recommendations of engaging in physical activity to decrease the risk of anxiety in both men and women. The impact of physical performance level on the risk of anxiety requires further investigations among women.

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Cause-specific mortality in Swedish males diagnosed with non-psychotic mental disorders in late adolescence: a prospective population-based study

Abstract: Young men diagnosed with NPM disorders had a long-term increased mortality risk, in particular due to infectious and gastrointestinal conditions. These findings highlight the importance of early preventive actions for adolescents with mental illness.

Cited by 6 publications

References 39 publications

Excess mortality in a cohort of Brazilian patients with a median follow-up of 11 years after the first psychiatric hospital admission

Excess mortality in a cohort of Brazilian patients with a median follow-up of 11 years after the first psychiatric hospital admission

Cardiorespiratory fitness in late adolescence and long-term risk of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis among Swedish men

Physical Activity Is Associated With Lower Long-Term Incidence of Anxiety in a Population-Based, Large-Scale Study

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