Causas de morte e razões para eutanásia em gatos na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul (1964-2013)

Togni, Monique; Curtis, Andressa; Vargas, Diego Prado de; Kommers, Gláucia D.; Irigoyen, Luiz Francisco; Fighera, Rafael A.

doi:10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5075

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…In cats, cardiomyopathies are the most frequent cardiovascular diseases and are important causes of death in the species (Ferasin 2009a). HCM is most commonly diagnosed, clinically and by post mortem examination (Atkins et al 1992, Rush 1998, Riesen et al 2007, Togni et al 2018, followed by RCM and DCM (Ferasin et al 2003, Locatelli et al 2018. This corroborates the findings of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In the literature, heart disease in cats was found to have a frequency of 4.2 to 5.7% (O'neill et al 2014(O'neill et al , Rodrigues et al 2017. In studies of the causes of death and reasons for euthanasia, cardiomyopathies accounted for approximately 1% of total feline necropsies (Togni et al 2018, Withoeft et al 2019. In cats, cardiomyopathies are the most frequent cardiovascular diseases and are important causes of death in the species (Ferasin 2009a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological and pathological aspects of cardiomyopathies in cats in southern Brazil

et al. 2020

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Cardiomyopathies are considered one of the most important causes of heart failure in cats and are subdivided into three main morphological types: hypertrophic (HCM), dilated (DCM), and restrictive (RCM). This study aimed to determine the frequency and types of cardiomyopathies in cats diagnosed in southern Brazil, with an emphasis on their epidemiological and pathological aspects. Necropsy reports filed in a veterinary pathology laboratory were reviewed, and cats diagnosed with cardiomyopathy were selected for the study. Animal identification data, history and clinical signs, and gross lesions, were reviewed and compiled. During the study period, 1.594 cat necropsies were performed, of which 72 (4.5%) comprised a diagnosis of cardiomyopathy. HCM was the most frequent followed by CMR and CMD, representing 77.8%, 12.5% and 9.7%, respectively. Age ranged from three months to 18 years, with a median age of seven years. In relation to sex, 62.5% were males and 37.5% females. In 76.4% of the cases, it affected cats without a breed defined. Restrictive mixed dyspnea and hydrothorax were the main signs or findings of the clinical examination. Sudden death and acute paresis of the pelvic limbs due to aortic thromboembolism have also been described. In HCM, myocardial thickening was observed, with a reduction in the ventricular chamber. Hypertrophy, disarray, and fibrosis of the myofibers were the main histological findings. In RCM, whitish and thickened endocardium was seen in most cases. DCM was characterized by dilated cardiac chambers, and microscopic examination revealed no significant findings. The main extra cardiac lesions revealed pulmonary edema and congestion, hydrothorax and chronic passive congestion of the liver. Cardiomyopathies are important causes of death in cats and should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with cardio respiratory clinical signs and in cases related to sudden death and acute paresis of the pelvic limbs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and pathological aspects of cardiomyopathies in cats in southern Brazil

et al. 2020

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“…In these cats, lymphomas are usually high grade, and multicentric or mediastinal, although extranodal lymphomas may also occur. 12 Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) plays an indirect role in carcinogenesis and increases the risk of lymphoma five-fold. 10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LOPH: a novel chemotherapeutic protocol for feline high-grade multicentric or mediastinal lymphoma, developed in an area endemic for feline leukemia virus

Horta

Souza

Sena

et al. 2020

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives The aim of this study was to establish the safety and efficacy of a novel multidrug lomustine-based chemotherapeutic protocol for cats with high-grade multicentric or mediastinal lymphoma, in an area endemic for feline leukemia virus (FeLV). Methods This prospective study included owned cats, diagnosed (cytologically) with multicentric or mediastinal lymphoma and treated with the LOPH (lomustine, vincristine [Oncovin; Antibióticos do Brasil], prednisolone and hydroxydaunorubicin [doxorubicin]) protocol. A complete blood count was performed before every chemotherapy session and any significant abnormalities recorded as possible related toxicities. Median survival time (MST) and disease-free interval were estimated by Kaplan–Meier curves. Results Twenty-one cats were included in this study. Nineteen (90.5%) tested positive for FeLV and were therefore considered to have persistent viremia. Complete response was reported in 81% (n = 17/21), while three had partial remission and one had no response. Seven cats finished the induction protocol within 20–31 weeks (23.1 ± 4.5; median 20) and all seven received a maintenance protocol. The MST (lymphoma-related survival) for the 21 cats was 214 days. The MST was 214 days for cats with mediastinal lymphoma (n = 13), but it was not reached for multicentric lymphoma (n = 8; P = 0.9). The MST of cats with persistent FeLV antigenemia was 171 days. Grade I anorexia and vomiting occurred in 19% of the cats (n = 4/21). Hematologic toxicity was found in 100% of the cats at some point during their treatment, but it was mostly grade I or II. Neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and anemia occurred in 16/21, 21/21 and 15/21 cats, respectively. Conclusions and relevance The LOPH protocol was well tolerated by cats with lymphoma and persistent FeLV viremia, and resulted in a better MST than similar studies with other protocols. Novel studies and controlled trials are necessary in order to evaluate the efficacy of different protocols according to the lymphoma subtype, anatomic form and FeLV status.

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“…Infectious diseases were the most common cause of feline death in this study (15.8%). Studies conducted with dogs have also shown infectious diseases as the main cause of death (Bentubo et al 2007, Fighera et al 2008), but these data differed from those of previous studies on cats, in which deaths caused by trauma (Togni et al 2018) or complications involving idiopathic urinary tract diseases were the most diagnosed (Trapp et al 2010). Wilkie et al (2015) assessed 252 cases of death in felines and concluded that heart disease was the most common cause of death (55%), with prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (68%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In general, studies addressing the causes of death in felines in Brazil are scarce (Trapp et al 2010, Togni et al 2018, as well as epidemiological data on the prevalence of conditions associated with feline death in the Santa Catarina plateau region. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the most prevalent diseases in felines that died in the aforementioned region from data obtained through a retrospective analysis of the causes of death or euthanasia in animals necropsied in the Laboratory of Animal Pathology (LAPA), at the State University of Santa Catarina (UDESC), located in the municipality of Lages, Santa Catarina state, Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of death and euthanasia in domestic cats in the Santa Catarina plateau (1995-2015)

et al. 2019

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Knowledge about the causes of death in felines constitutes important information to owners, veterinarians, and researchers, aiming at reducing the number of deaths in this species. In order to determine the main causes of death or euthanasia in cats in the Santa Catarina plateau, data from 1995 to 2015 available in necropsy files of the Laboratory of Animal Pathology (LAPA) of the State University of Santa Catarina (UDESC) were collected and evaluated. In that period, 1,728 cats were necropsied, mainly males (46.12%) and adults (50.11%). The mean ages at death for kittens, adults, and elderly were 5.07 months, 3.9 years, and 13.9 years, respectively. Of the 1,728 necropsy reports assessed, the cause of death was identified in 1,184 (68.52%) cases. The main cause of death was associated with infectious diseases (15.8%), with prevalence of feline infectious peritonitis (29.76%), followed by neoplasms (11.98%) with lymphoma (44.93%) and leukemia (16.91%) as the most common, and traumas (11.81%) mainly caused by motor vehicle accidents. These results show the need for owner awareness, as well as establishment of prophylaxis and vaccination programs, aimed at reducing the number of deaths and thus increasing life expectancy in the feline population.

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Causas de morte e razões para eutanásia em gatos na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul (1964-2013)

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Epidemiological and pathological aspects of cardiomyopathies in cats in southern Brazil

Epidemiological and pathological aspects of cardiomyopathies in cats in southern Brazil

LOPH: a novel chemotherapeutic protocol for feline high-grade multicentric or mediastinal lymphoma, developed in an area endemic for feline leukemia virus

Causes of death and euthanasia in domestic cats in the Santa Catarina plateau (1995-2015)

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